Quality Characteristics Of Hainan Mountain Pig And Selection Of Related Candidate Genes

The Hainan special wild boar is a new group that is artificially selected and improved after the cross between Hainan wild boar and Hainan sow.Hainan specialty wild pork is fresh and tender,with high nutritional value and high economic benefits.Hainan Tunchang pig have the characteristics of strong disease resistance and thin skin and tender meat.In this study,the muscle fibers and flavor substances of Hainan special wild boar and Hainan Tunchang pig were measured to analyze the differences in the body;the longest muscles of the two pig breeds were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing to screen the differentially expressed genes related to meat quality.The scientific breeding management and expansion of Hainan special wild boar provide theoretical basis.The results are as follows:(1)The meat color of Hainan special wild boar was not significantly different between 45 min and 24 h after slaughter,and the flesh color was bright red.Hainan special wild boars had smaller declines in p H 45 min and p H24 h,and both were lower than those in Tunchang pig.Compared with Tunchang pig,Hainan special wild boar has better quality after slaughter,less slaughter loss,lower drip loss rate,strong water retention,strong water retention and longer storage time.The meat color score of Hainan special wild boar was 3.34,and the Tunchang pig score was 3.26,both within the normal range;but the marbled score was slightly lower than the Tunchang pig.Based on the comparison with the protein content,intermuscular fat content and muscle sections of Tunchang pig,preliminary judgments were made on the meat quality characteristics of Hainan special wild boars with high protein and low fat.To sum up,all the physical and chemical indexes of Hainan special wild boar are in line with China's high-quality pork standards,and the meat quality is excellent.(2)The adiponectin gene can be used to study the meat quality and fat deposition ability of two pig breeds,and the base-to-base conversion has been found;the COX?gene of Hainan special wild boar is too scattered to form a specific DNA barcode,indicating that Hainan special wild boar needs to be further improved The breeding work of Hainan special wild boars has increased the purity of the breeds;the use of DNA barcode technology has laid a theoretical foundation for the screening and selection of differential genes of RNA levels in Hainan special wild boars.(3)Hainan special wild boars and Tunchang pig obtained 206,026,453 and201015,974 clean data respectively by sequencing.After comparison with the designated reference genome,the comparison efficiency ranged from 83.20% to86.82%.After sequence comparison of the differentially expressed genes with the NR,Swiss-Prot,GO,COG,KOG,Pfam,KEGG,and egg NOG databases,the GO database has the most genes annotated,accounting for 92.9%,and the COG database has the least,only 221.Accounted for 27.5%.Based on the GO function annotation information,differentially expressed genes were classified into 60 GO entries,including 19 cell components,17 molecular functions,and 24 biological processes.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that 337 differentially expressed genes were enriched to 249 KEGG pathways.(4)The genes MYOD1,PPP6R3,PPP1R3,USP20,USP33,and SLC2A4 were screened out,and they were speculated to be candidate genes or gene families for longissimus dorsi.In summary,the analysis and comparison of meat quality characteristics of the two pig breeds in this study confirmed that the Hainan special wild boar complies with Chinese high quality pig standards,and obtained the reason for the difference in volatile flavor substances between the two pig breeds.The differentially expressed genes of long muscle were screened.Through the analysis of databases such as functional annotation software and GO pathway enrichment,differentially expressed genes and signal pathways were screened.The reliability of the results was verified by q PCR.MYOD1,PPP6R3,and PPP1R3 were initially identified,USP20,USP33,SLC2A4 genes or family genes are identified as candidate genes or gene families of longissimus dorsi.It provides a theoretical basis for the scientific breeding management and expansion of Hainan special wild boar.