Tissue Culture And Application Of Two Ornamental Plants Of Gesneriaceae

The Gesneriaceae family is diverse and widely distributed,most of which are of high ornamental value,but most of the varieties currently cultivated on the market are unviable,and many of them are endangered due to overexploitation by humans.Sinningia speciosa(Lodd.)Hiern and Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl are two common ornamental flowers of the Gesneriaceae family that have difficulty reproducing on their own.At present,most ornamental flowers on the market are heterozygoses.Through sexual reproduction,the offspring are prone to character separation,resulting in species degradation.The plants obtained by traditional methods are prone to infection with bacteria and reduce economic value.Compared with traditional methods,the seedlings obtained by tissue culture have more excellent characters.The establishment of ornamental flower regeneration system by using the technique of tissue culture and rapid propagation has improved the quality of flowers,greatly shortened the production cycle and reduced the production cost,which can effectively promote the development of variety improvement,new variety selection and molecular breeding,and promote the development of ornamental plant industry.In order to protect germplasm resources and carry out better commercial production,it is of great significance to conduct in-depth study on tissue culture of germplasm.In this study,Sinningia speciosa and Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl were used as test materials.By means of tissue culture,the effects of different hormone combinations on each culture stage of the two plants were investigated,and the optimal medium of Sinningia speciosa was selected:The Optimal induced proliferation medium was MS+6-BA0.5 mg·L-1+KT0.5mg·L-1,the optimum rooting medium was 1/2MS+NAA0.5 mg·L-1,and the optimal medium of Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl was MS+6-BA1.Omg·L-1+KT1.0mg·L-1,the optimum rooting medium was 1/2MS+NAA0.2 mg·L-1 or 1/2MS+NAA0.2 mg-L-1,providing theoretical support for the improvement of the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of the radicelaceae.In addition,a comparison of disinfection and sterilization methods was made for the explants in the leaves of Sinningia speciosa.The explants were sterilized with 75%alcohol for 30 seconds,and the best sterilization effect was achieved by combining 0.1%HgCl2 or 5%NaClO for 10min,which provided a reference for the difficulty of disinfection and sterilization of hairy plants in tissue culture.On this basis,three cultivation substrates were used to transplant the somaclone of Sinningia speciose and Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl,and all of Saintpaulia ionantha survived,and the survival rate of Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl can reach more than 75%.By comparing the survival rate,plant thickness,leaf color,etc.,it is found that the method of transplanting seedlings with monoculture substrate and then transplanting in mixed substrate is feasible.In addition,according to the characteristics of cultivated plants,the species and ratio of substrate can be controlled systematically to meet the production requirements.At the same time,the red Sinningia speciose test done for test materials dry flower,study different color preserving agent and color preserving time on the red color preserving effect of Sinningia speciosa,find best color preserving effect was 5%after 1hour of citric acid,dry flower petals,color closest to the petal color,followed by 15%tartaric acid treatment after 2 hour dry flower petals,two kinds of processing can effectively protect the petals of the pigment,so as to enhance the ornamental value and commodity value of gloxinia,for goods of ornamental flowers form a brand new way,also for other plants dried flowers provide certain technical support.