Investigation And Control Of Main Diseases And Pests Of Ganoderma Lucidum In Jinzhai County

Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional Chinese medicinal material in China.The occurrence of diseases and pests poses a serious threat to the quality and yield of G.lucidum.In this paper,through field investigations,the main types of diseases and pests that harmed G.lucidum in Jinzhai County were preliminarily clarified.Chemical control experiments were conducted on the main diseases and pests that harmed G.lucidum,provided a technical guidance for the realization of "high yield,high quality,and safety" of G.lucidum.The main findings are as follows:1.Identification on the main diseases and pests of Ganoderma lucidum in Jinzhai CountyThe pathogen was collected,isolated,purified and cultured from the main producing place of G.lucidum in Jinzhai County were isolated,purified and cultured to obtain a plant pathogenic fungal strain named RQ-5.The Koch's rule was used to verify the plant pathogenic fungal strain RQ-5,and determined that RQ-5 was the pathogenic factor of the G.lucidum diseases.The CTAB method was used to extract the total DNA of RQ-5 strain,and by analyzing its 18S rDNA sequence,the molecular identification of RQ-5 strain was carried out,and the morphological characteristics of colonies,conidia and molecular spores were observed.The results showed that the 18S rDNA sequence fragments of RQ-5 strain were similar to the published homology of Trichoderma viride(sequence number:HM037937.1)in GenBank database,and combined with morphological identification to determine that the RQ-5 strain was T.viride.By observing the morphological characteristics of adults,eggs,larvae and pupae,and comparing and analyzing the harmful characteristics of insect larvae with related references,the main pests of G.lucidum were identified as D.cremata Butler.2.The anti-fungal activity of botanical active components against on Trichoderma virideThe growth rate method was used to determine the anti-fungal activity of elicin,ethicin emulsifiable concentrates,matrine and tea tree essential oil against on T,viride.The results showed that the test agents have a certain inhibitory effect on T.viride,The EC50 of 48 h was 28.92,48.04,683.24,1846.19 mg/L,respectively.3.Fumigation toxicity of tea tree essential oil against Diomea cremata Butler larvaeThe results of fumigation test showed that tea tree essential oil had a certain fumigation toxicity to the larvae of D.cremata Butler,and the fumigation toxicity was positively correlated with the dose of the agent used for fumigation.The LC50 of fumigation for 13 h was 4.90 mg/L;combined with the results of laboratory bioassay,the field efficacy test was carried out by selecting 15 mg/L of tea tree essential oil according to the results of indoor bioassay.The results showed that 15 mg/L of tea tree essential oil showed good field application effect,and the corrected mortality rate of D.cremata Butler larvae after fumigating for 13 h was 81.62%.