Effects Of Irrigation And Fertilization On The Growth And Water And Nitrogen Use Efficiency Of Silage Corn

In recent years,China has gradually started to push forward the structural reform of agricultural supply side,adjust the agricultural planting structure,and vigorously promote the grain to feed,the key point of grain changing to feed is to adjust corn planting structure.Corn is also one of the main grain crops in Hebei Province.But at present,there is a problem of periodic oversupply of corn.Therefore,it is urgent to reduce the planting area of corn and increase the planting area of silage corn to solve this problem.However,the silage corn planting area in the plain area of Hebei Province is small and unreasonable irrigation and fertilization are common in the production.Therefore,it is necessary to determine a reasonable planting mode in silage corn production,Improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer,increase the output and reduce the nitrate pollution of soil and groundwater,better achieve the goal of environmental friendly and resource saving silage corn production,and improve economic and social benefits.The experiment was conducted in nanlonggui village,Sijiazhuang Town,Luquan District,Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province from June to September 2017 and from June to September 2018,in the experiment,Keyu 188 silage corn was taken as the research object,and adopt comprehensive test design method,the effects of under the condition of border irrigation(B)?furrow irrigation 90(F)and different fertilization(fertilization amount divided into four levels,C1:750 kg/hm2,C2:600 kg/hm2,C3:450 kg/hm2 and C4:300 kg/hm2)on the soil and water environment,growth,yield,water consumption and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of silage corn were studied,drovide data support and detailed guidance for the production of silage corn with high yield and high quality.The main results are as follows:Under the experimental conditions,it was found that the amount of fertilization had an effect on the plant height,stem diameter and other growth indexes of silage corn.High fertilization rate is beneficial to the growth of stem diameter of silage corn,and the plant height,leaf area coefficient,fresh weight and dry matter of silage maize increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilization.Furrow irrigation has the tendency to improve the growth indexes of silage corn in different degrees.The growth of silage corn under furrow irrigation,the fertilizatios is 600 kg/hm2 is relatively good.Analysis of variance showed that fertilization had significant effect on plant growth.Under the same fertilization condition the average water consumption of silage maize was 271.8 mm and 274.37 mm,respectively.Under the same irrigation technology the results of water use efficiency were C2>C1,C3,C4,and FC2 treatment has the highest water use efficiency,the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer is C4>C1,C2,C3,the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer is inversely proportional to the amount of fertilizer applied,at firs the yield of silage corn increased and then decreased with the increase of fertilization,the fresh weight of C2 was 8.2%,6.9%,15.3%and 3.6%,9.6%11.2%higher than that of the other three treatments.The other three treatments were 5.7%,4.1%,13.8%and.6.9%,10.6%,14.8%higher than the other three treatments.Furrow irrigation technology is better than border irrigation technology,The fresh weight yield of furrow irrigation was 3.57%higher than that of border irrigation.FC2 treatment had the highest yield is 81.4 t/hm2,and fertilization level has significant impact on silage corn yield.The moisture content of furrow irrigation was 2.6%higher than that of border irrigation.It is can be seen from the content of nitrate nitrogen that in C1 treatment was higher than that in C2,C3 and C4 treatment,and the increase was 4.2%,5.75%and 14%.The fluctuation of soil content water content,salinity,conductivity and nitrate nitrogen in 0-60 cm deep soil layer is relatively active and decreased with the increase of soil depth,so it is more and more stable.The content of salt,conductivity and nitrate decreased with the decrease of fertilization.Therefore,under the condition of this experiment,the comprehensive analysis is made from the aspects of increasing silage corn yield,water use efficiency and nitogen partial productivity.The best combination of experiment was 600 kg/hm2 n furrow irrigation,which had the highest yield,the highest water use efficiency.