| In order to study the effects of different carbohydrate sources on the metabolism of three major nutrients of Litopenaeus vannamei,and to clarify the direction and mechanism of carbohydrate metabolism in salinity adaptation,this experiment was divided into two parts.Experiment 1:in the experiment,0.39±0.01g of Litopenaeus vannamei was selected as the research object,and 3X2 experimental design was adopted.Three kinds of carbohydrate sources,glucose,sucrose and starch,12 and 30 kinds of salinity,six treatments in total were selected,each process has three sets of repeats,each repeated in 40 prawns for 56 days.The test results show that the interaction between salt and sugar source has a significant effect on the final weight and specific growth rate of Litopenaeus vannamei(P<0.05);it has a significant effect on fat synthase and alanine aminotransferase(P<0.05);carbohydrate sources have a significant effect on the terminal average weight,specific growth rate,weight gain rate and protein efficiency of litopenaeus vannamei(P<0.05),which is significantly higher than the starch group and glucose group.Although the carbohydrate source has no significant effect on protein efficiency,the overall trend is sucrose group>starch group>glucose group.Carbohydrate sources have no significant effect on the bait coefficient and liver-to-body ratio(P>0.05),but generally show a trend of sucrose group<starch group<glucose group;it has a significant effect on muscle protein content(P<0.05)Muscle crude protein was significantly lower than that of starch group and glucose group;it had a significant effect on whole shrimp crude fat and liver crude fat(P<0.05),sucrose group was significantly higher than the other two groups;on liver glycogen,on feeding The anterior muscle glycogen,2 h muscle glycogen and 6 h muscle glycogen had no significant effect(P>0.05),but had a significant effect on 4 h muscle glycogen(P<0.05).The starch group was much higher than the other two groups;Very significant effect on fat synthase,malate dehydrogenase,phosphofructokinase,alanine aminotransferase and succinate dehydrogenase(P<0.01);significant effect on total protein content(P<0.05);the starch group was significantly higher than the glucose group;there was no significant difference in triglyceride,total cholesterol,and ammonia excretion rate(P>0.05).Salinity has a significant effect on the terminal average weight of Litopenaeus vannamei(P<0.05),12 salinity>30 salinity,and a significant effect on the specific growth rate of glucose group(P>0.05),12 salinity>30 Salinity;significant effect on meat content in starch group(P<0.05),12 salinity>30 salinity;significant effect on weight gain rate(P<0.05),12 salinity>30 salinity;on survival There was no significant effect on the feed rate,bait coefficient,liver-body ratio and protein efficiency(P>0.05)and hepatic glycogen(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in whole shrimp moisture,crude muscle protein,muscle ash,muscle moisture,muscle fat and liver fat(P>0.05),which had a significant effect on the whole shrimp crude fat in sucrose group and starch group(P<0.05),30 salinity>12 salinity;extremely significant effect on muscle glycogen before feeding,2h muscle glycogen and 6 h muscle glycogen(P<0.01),showing 12 salinity>30 salinity;phosphofructose kinase,?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase,succinate dehydrogenase,aspartate aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase have a very significant effect(P<0.01);on plasma Protein and ammonia excretion rate had a significant effect(P<0.05),Salinity 12 showed>30 salinity.In summary,combined with the growth index and metabolic index,the effect of sucrose group at 12 salinity is the best,which has a good promotion effect on the growth of Litopenaeus vannamei.Experiment 2:Under the condition of salinity 12,the metabolomic changes of Litopenaeus vannamei fed different carbohydrate sources were studied.Label-free quantitative protein profiling analysis of the liver and pancreas of Penaeus vannamei in three groups at the salinity of 12 in Experiment 1 were recorded as Group P,Group Z and Group D,respectively.The results showed that among the differential proteins in group Z and group P,21 proteins were up-regulated,including immune enzymes,antioxidant enzymes,sugar metabolizing enzymes,digestive enzymes,ion-converting enzymes,DNA degrading enzymes,and signaling related enzymes;9 of the differential proteins in group Z and group D have up-regulated protein expression,involving digestive enzymes,sugar metabolizing enzymes,protein metabolizing enzymes,ion-converting enzymes,antioxidant enzymes,immune enzymes and other enzymes,interdependent and mutually constrained Work together to promote the growth of Litopenaeus vannamei.From the perspective of proteomics,the sucrose group has the best growth effect at 12 salinity. |
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