Effects Of Phosphorus Application On Tillering Occurrence And Yield Of Wheat With Different Panicle Types

As one of the important grain crops in China,the high and stable yield of wheat is of great significance to guarantee the food security in China.The wheat population consists of the main stem and tiller,and their productivity determines the final yield.As an essential nutrient element for plant growth,phosphorus plays an important role in the growth and development of wheat.However,the phenomenon of unreasonable application of phosphorus fertilizer in agriculture is widespread at present.Dimensional this experiment chooses different tillering ear features varieties,including much stronger tillering panicle type varieties(SN20,SN28)experiment with two heavy-ear cultivars and weak tillering(TN18,LM4),set 0 kg/hm~2(P0),75 kg/hm~2(P75),150 kg/hm~2(P150)3 p level,research different phosphorus fertilizer on winter wheat population structure dynamic,stem tillers productivity differences,optical efficiency,yield and its influence factors,at the same time in the process of the research on wheat tillering tillering node in auxin,cytokinins,gibberellin,such as the change of endogenous hormone content,The effects and physiological mechanisms of different phosphorus application amounts on the occurrence of tiller in wheat were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for phosphorus nutrition to regulate the occurrence of tiller in wheat and to construct a reasonable population structure.The main research results are as follows:(1)Varieties tested each wheat growth period showed P75 treatment,the total stem number exceeds P0 and P150 treatment,and the incidence of tillering and earing rate of wheat also with maximum P75 treatment,handle the smallest P0,found that P75 treatment by calculation is P0,P150 treatment to improve the tillering incidence rate increases with the rise of managed for a,show that the more tillers a phosphate fertilizer influence on it.(2)Under the treatment of different phosphorus application amount,the tested varieties all showed a trend of increasing phosphorus content in plants with increasing phosphorus application amount,and the phosphorus content in tiller nodes of large-panicle varieties was higher than that of multi-panicle varieties.Different phosphorus content in plants results in different hormone content in plants.By comparing the three phosphate fertilizer treatments,it was found that the content of GA7 was the lowest and the content of(ZR+Z)was the highest in the plants treated with P75,while that of P0 was the opposite,and the content of various hormones in the plants also changed with the development period.Among the tested varieties,the content of GA7 in panicle type was higher and the content of ZR+Z was lower.(3)The comparison between different processing application rate of phosphoric fertilizer,four varieties of leaf area index,the canopy light interception,the rice flag leaf net photosynthetic rate and SPAD values are characterized by P75 treatment was significantly higher than that of P0 and P150 treatment,among them with minimum P0 processing,and found that the rice flag leaf SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate on a downward trend,the rise of tillers positions found in variety comparison between experiment with two heavy-ear cultivars under different phosphorus fertilizer processing(TN18 and LM4)0,Ⅰ,Ⅱtillers net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf and SPAD values were greater than multiple spike type varieties(SN20 and SN28),Ⅲtillers are high and low,No obvious pattern.With the improvement of the above indexes,more photosynthetic products could be accumulated in each tiller position,and the single stem biomass and economic coefficient could be increased.(4)Under different phosphorus treatments,the total dry matter weight of single stem,grain dry matter weight of single stem,single stem stem+sheath dry matter weight and leaf dry matter weight of the tested cultivar all showed the highest and lowest in P75 treatment and P0 treatment,and the single stalk glume+cob dry matter weight showed no significant rule.In terms of yield,the panicle number per unit area,panicle grain number,1000-grain weight and yield of the tested varieties were all the highest in P75 treatment and the lowest in P0 treatment,and it was found that phosphate fertilizer treatment had the greatest effect on panicle number per unit area,followed by 1000-grain weight and the least effect on panicle number.