Effect Of Different Tillage Measures On Soil And Soybean Yield

This experiment was conducted at Heshan Farm in Heihe City from 2017-2019.Both farming measures and mid-tillage methods will have a greater impact on the soil environment and soybean growth.In order to study the impact of different tillage measures on soil environment and soybean yield,Heihe 43 was used as the experimental variety,and different tillage measures(Ploughing and Rotary tillage)were designed as the main treatments,combining different tillage methods(advance subsoiling,advance ridge,conventional subsoiling,conventional ridge)are auxiliary treatments,a total of 8 treatments,and the effects of different tillage measures on the soil physical and chemical properties,biological activity,soybean morphology,photosynthetic characteristics,yield of soybeans at various stages were studied.The results showed that:1.Ploughing compared to rotary tillage reduces the bulk density and firmness of the soil,thereby increasing the porosity,which in turn increases the soil water content.The water content of the ploughing in the seedling stage in 2018 is 0~5cm Cultivation has increased by 5.80% to 17.13%.Under the same cultivation conditions,the soil bulk density and firmness of the two subsoiling treatments(T2,T3)for two years are lower than that of conventional ridge(CK),which increases the porosity of the soil.The contents of alkali-decomposed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in 2-year tillage were higher than those in rotary tillage in the flowering period,and the increase of a potassium was 4.18% ~ 14.65%.Under the same tillage conditions,T1 and T2 in each period were higher than CK in alkali-decomposed nitrogen and available phosphorus.T1 and T2 also showed a tendency to increase compared with CK's available potassium in the two-year maturity period.2.The number of ploughing bacteria and actinomycetes in two years has a tendency to increase during flowering stage compared with rotary tillage,while the number of fungi is lower than rotary tillage.Under the same tillage conditions,,the number of bacteria in T1 and T2 in both years increased compared with CK;in 2018,the number of fungi in T1 and T2 in each period decreased compared with CK;in2018,T1?T2 Compared with CK,the number of actinomycetes in T3 at the flowering stage and the podding stage was increased.The activities of invertase and urease in two-year ploughing tended to increase during the flowering stage compared with rotary tillage,in which the increase of invertase was 2.50%-17.44%;overall,the phosphatase activity and catalase in two-year ploughing The activity was higher than rotary tillage in each period.Under the same tillage conditions,the activities of sucrase,urease and catalase of T1 and T2 in two years have a tendency to increase compared with CK.3.In 2018,the plant height and LAI of ploughing at flowering stage were higher than that of rotary tillage.Under tillage conditions,the plant heights of T1?T2 and T3 in 2018 were higher than that of CK at the flowering stage and seeding filling stage,and the LAI of T1?T2 and T3 were higher than CK in two years.Pn?Tr and Gs in two years of loughing have an increasing trend compared with rotary tillage,while Ci shows the opposite trend.Under the same tillage conditions,T1?T2 and T3 for two years all contribute to the improvement of soybean Pn?Tr?Gs and SPAD,and there is a tendency to reduce Ci(except under the conditions of rotary tillage in 2018).4.In 2018,the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per plant of T1 and T2 of ploughing were improved compared to T1 and T2 of rotary tillage,which in turn increased the yield.Among them,PT1 and PT2 were compared with the corresponding RT1 and RT2 respectively.Increased by 9.12% and 7.33%;under the same tillage conditions,both T1 and T2 increased the number of pods and grains per plant of soybean capable of increasing yield.