The Transportation Rule Of Modified Phosphate Fertilizer In Soil And Its Effect On Mung Bean Growth

Appropriate soil available phosphorus levels can increase nutrient accumulation of crop plants and increase crop yield.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on crop of modified phosphate fertilizer(double active diammonium).This study was conducted from 2018 to 2019.Two kinds of mung bean varieties,Lvfeng2 and Lvfeng5,were used as test materials.A pot experiment was used to compare the effects of diammonium phosphate(P1)and double active diammonium(P2)on mung bean plant growth,photosynthetic characteristics,carbon metabolism related indicators,plant effective nutrient accumulation,soil effective nutrient horizontal migration and yield.The main experimental results are as follows:1.P2 treatment can increase the fertilizer source soil available NPK content before R8 stage and has a larger effective nutrient consumption at R8 stage,compared with the application of diammonium phosphate treatment.Soil available phosphorus of Lvfeng2 and Lvfeng5 can migrate to a horizontal distance of 9 cm from the center of the fertilizer source at R4 and R6 stage,respectively.The soil available phosphorus contents of P2 treatment was maintained at a higher level than those of P1 treatment.2.Double-active diammonium promoted mung bean plant growth and enhanced leaf photosynthetic capacity.P2 treatment increased the above ground plant dry matter weight of two mung bean varieties at the later growth stages(R4-R8 growth periods),compared with the application of diammonium phosphate.P2 treatment can significantly increase root morphological parameters such as total root length and total root surface area of two mung bean varieties at R4 stage,as well as increase total root volume and average root diameter of Lvfeng5.P2 treatment significantly enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of Lvfeng2 and net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and transpiration rate(Tr)of Lvfeng5 and significantly reduced stomatal conductance(C)and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)at R6 stage.3.Double-active diammonium affected the accumulation of carbon metabolites in leaves during the whole growth period of mung bean.P2 treatment can increase leaf soluble sugar content,starch content and SPS activity at V5-R4 stages;and significantly increased leaf sucrose content,but reduced leaf invertases activities at R4 stage.4.Double-active diammonium increased NPK content of above ground plant of mung bean ateach growth stages and of grain at R8 stage.The NPK contents of P2 treatment of Lvfeng2 significantly increased by 6.03%,20.20% and 6.57%;and those of Lvfeng5 increased by 2.56%(P>0.05),4.19%(P<0.05),and 9.54%(P <0.05)at R8 stage,compared with P1 treatment,respectively;and the NPK accumulation of P2 treatment of Lvfeng2 significantly increased by20.60%,35% and 36.71%;and those of Lvfeng5 increased by 15.43%,17.81%,and 11.95% at R8 stage,compared with P1 treatment,respectively.5.The nitrogen accumulation of two mung bean varieties and the phosphorus accumulation of Lvfeng2 before R4 stage were higher than those at R4-R8 stages,and phosphorus accumulation of Lvfeng5 and the potassium accumulation of two mung bean varieties were the opposite.At the same time,double-active diammonium can promote plant NPK accumulation of Lvfeng2 at V5-R4 and R4-R6 growth phases and those of Lvfeng5 at R6-R8 growth phases.6.Double-active diammonium increased grains per plant and grain weight per plant of Lvfeng2 and Lvfeng5.The grain weight per plant of Lvfeng2 of P2 treatment increased by20.82%~32.69%,and those of Lvfeng5 increased by 22.68%~54.52% compared with the application of diammonium phosphate.In addition,P2 treatment both reduced the phosphorus physiological efficiency of the two varieties;and increased the partial productivity of P fertilizer,the utilization ratio of P fertilizer and the absorption efficiency of P fertilizer.To sum up,double viable diammonium can effectively promote mung bean plant growth and enhance the leaf photosynthetic capacity at R6 stage,and promote leaf carbon metabolite accumulation,as well as increase the NPK accumulation of above ground plant at the later growth stage.It is also beneficial to the transport of soil nutrients within a horizontal distance of9 cm from the center of the fertilizer source,and finally increase mung bean yield,and improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer.