Creation Of Wheat Gluten Near Isogenic Lines And Preliminary Analysis Of Quality And Important Agronomic Traits Of High-generation Lines

The main target of wheat breeding in China is quality improvement.Glutenin subunit has an important impact on wheat quality,but the findings of gluten subunit quality effects are usually inconsistent due to the genetic background variations of research materials,which directly affected the quality improvement of wheat.Therefore,based on our previous researches on the development of wheat glutenin subunits near isogenic lines?NILs?,the protein quality tratis and important agronomic traits of developed high-generation lines were detected and compared,thus to provide reference for wheat quality research.The main results of the study are as follows:1.Wheat HMW-GS near isogenic lines had been developed.Based on our previous study,SDS-PAGE and STS molecular markers were used for detecting HMW-GS of high generation lines in the laboratory,then backcrossing and self-crossing were conducted in the field to develop the HMW-GS NILs.Recently,813 wheat lines with different HMW-GS compositions have been developed under the genetic backgrounds of Xindong 22,Xindong33,Kendong 002 and Xiaoyan 22,and fifteen kinds of HMW-GS types were introduced in these lines.Under the genetic background of Xindong 22,the number of the lines with six,five,four and three backcrossing generations were 200,8,10 and 15 respectively.There were 13 types of six-generation backcrossing subunits,which were N,2*,1,6+8,7+8,7+9,14+15,17+18,20,2+12,3+12,4+12 and 5+10.NILs with subunits 7^OE+8 were backcrossed for four generations,and the NILs with subunits 13+16 were backcrossed for three generations.Under the genetic background of Xindong 33,123,6 and 2 lines of six,five,and four generations of backcross were respectively developed,There were 14 types of six-generation backcrossing subunits,they were N,2*,1,6+8,7+8,7+9,13+16,14+15,17+18,20,2+12,3+12,4+12 and 5+10,and the subunits 7^OE+8 were backcrossed for four generations.Under the genetic background of Kendong 002,the number of the NILs with specific subunits experienced for six,five,four and two generations of backcrossing were100,3,1 and 3 respectively.There were 13 types of subunits with six-generation backcross,they were N,1,6+8,7+8,7+9,13+16,14+15,17+18,20,2+12,3+12,4+12 and 5+10.The subunit 2*was backcrossed for four generations,and 7^OE+8 subunits were backcrossed for two generations.Under the genetic background of Xiaoyan 22,283,2,43,11 and 3 NILs with targeted HMW-GSs were obtained through six-generation backcross and three-generation self-cross,seven-generation backcross and two generation self-cross,six-generation backcross and two-generation self-cross,six-generation backcross and one-genration self-cross,and three-generation backcross,respectively.Fifteen targeted subunits were observed in the NILs thourh six-generation backcross and there-generation self-cross,including N,1,2*,6+8,7+8,7^OE+8,7+9,13+16,14+15,17+18,20,2+12,3+12,4+12,and 5+10.Among these lines,165 NILs with 19 different subunit combinations were found to be homozygous.2.Wheat LMW-GS near isogenic lines have been developed.On the basis of the early backcross,this study used the laboratory STS molecular marker to track and detect the LMW-GS of the lines,and then transferred the near isogenic lines to the field.A total of292 lines with targeted LMW-GSs were obtained under the three genetic background of Xiaoyan 22,Zhoumai 22 and Zhoumai 23,and 16 LMW-GS types were introduced in these lines.Under the genetic background of Xiaoyan 22,the number of the lines through six-generation backcross and four-generation self-cross,six-generation backcross and three-generation self-cross,six-generation backcross and two-generation self-cross,and six-generation backcors and one-generation self-cross were 77,17,3 and 2,respectively.For the individual plants through six times of backcrossing and four times of self-crossing,the subunits of Glu-A3a,Glu-A3b,Glu-A3c,Glu-A3d,Glu-A3e,Glu-A3g,Glu-B3a,Glu-B3b,Glu-B3d,Glu-B3e,Glu-B3f,Glu-B3h,Glu-B3i were obtained.The subunits Glu-A3f and Glu-B3g were found in the individual plants with six-generation backcross and three-generation self-cross.There were 10 subunit combination types in the obtained homozygous lines,they were Glu-A3c/Glu-B3e?2 lines?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3j?1 line?,Glu-A3c/Glu-B3h?2 lines?,Glu-A3c/Glu-B3d?2 lines?,Glu-A3c/Glu-B3b?3 lines?,Glu-A3e/Glu-B3j?2 lines?,Glu-A3g/Glu-B3j?1 line?,Glu-A3b/Glu-B3j?2 lines?,Glu-A3a/Glu-B3j?1 line?and Glu-A3c/Glu-B3a?1 line?.Under the genetic background of Zhoumai22,the number of lines through six-generation backcross and four times of self-crossing,and six times of back-crossing and three times of self-crossing were 91 and 8,respectively.The subunits Glu-A3a,Glu-A3b,Glu-A3c,Glu-A3d,Glu-A3e,Glu-A3f,Glu-A3g,Glu-B3a,Glu-B3b,Glu-B3d,Glu-B3e,Glu-B3f,Glu-B3h,Glu-B3i and Glu-B3j were found in the NILs with six-generation backcross and four times of self-crossing.For the NILs through six times of back-crossing and three times of self-crossing,only subunits Glu-B3g was introduced.There were 10 subunit combination types were observed in in the homozygous lines,inculidng Glu-A3a/Glu-B3j?2 lines?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3j?3 lines?,Glu-A3c/Glu-B3j?2lines?,Glu-A3f/Glu-B3j?3 lines?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3d?2 lines?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3h?1line?,Glu-A3c/Glu-B3b?1 line?,Glu-A3e/Glu-B3j?2 lines?,Glu-A3g/Glu-B3j?1 line?and Glu-A3b/Glu-B3j?4 lines?.Under the genetic background of Zhoumai 23,the number of lines through six-generation backcross and four self-crossing,six-generation backcross and three self-crossing,six-generation backcross and two self-crossing were 65,28 and 1respectively.The subunits Glu-A3a,Glu-A3b,Glu-A3c,Glu-A3d,and Glu-A3e,Glu-A3g,Glu-B3a,Glu-B3b,Glu-B3d,Glu-B3e,Glu-B3f,Glu-B3g,Glu-B3h,Glu-B3i and Glu-B3j were obtained in the NILs with six-generation backcross and four self-crossing,while subunit Glu-A3f was found in the individual plants after six-generation backcross and three self-crossing.Ten subunit combination types were observed in the obtained homozygous lines,including Glu-A3d/Glu-B3a?1 line?,Glu-A3a/Glu-B3d?2 lines?,Glu-A3c/Glu-B3d?2lines?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3d?2 lines?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3b?2 lines?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3j?1 line?,Glu-A3b/Glu-B3d?2 line??Glu-A3e/Glu-B3d?1 line?,Glu-A3d/Glu-B3i?1 line?,and Glu-A3d/Glu-B3g?1 line?.3.The relationship between HMW-GS and important agronomic traits and grain quality traits was initially obtained:The data of one-year filed experiment of the 22high-generation NILs under the genetic background of Xiaoyan 22 showed that,the important agronomic traits of wheat had a significant negative correlation with grain quality traits,and the higher yield lines had higher spikes number and the number of per spike.It is speculated that under normal circumstances,the yield and grain quality can not be increased simultaneously.For all the detected agronomic traits,the yield,panicle number and panicle number showed larger variable coefficient,but smallest variation was observed for 1000-grain weight.The variable coefficient of grain quality traits was ranked in the order of moisture>wet gluten content>coarse gluten content?dry basis?.There were no significant differences in the effects of Glu-A1?N?2*and 1??Glu-B1?7+8?7+9?14+15 and 17+18?and Glu-D1?2+12?5+10?loci on the crude protein content,wet gluten content,water content,yield,spike number and grain numer per spike.