Genetic And Heterosis Analysis Of Free Amino Acids In Fresh Corn Kernels

According to the analysis results of free amino acid diversity of 136 waxy corn inbred lines in the early stage of the laboratory,12 waxy corn inbred lines with large difference in free amino acid content were selected as hybrid parents,and 35 waxy corn hybrids were obtained according to NCII experimental design.Through the detection of free amino acid properties of the above materials,combining ability,genetic parameters and their correlation with various main properties were analyzed,and the following conclusions were drawn:HPLC was used to determine the types and contents of free amino acids in waxy maize inbred lines and hybrids.A total of 17 free amino acids were detected in waxy maize inbred lines,of which 8 essential amino acids accounted for 29.95% ~ 47.21% of the total free amino acids.The maximum variation degree of 17 free amino acids is Met,and the variation coefficient is greater than 20%.Ala,Asp,Ile,Leu,Thr and Val are in the middle,and the coefficient of variation is between 10% and 20%.Amino acids with coefficient of variation less than 10% include Arg,Cys,Glu,Gly,His,Ser,Tyr,Lys,Phe,Trp.17 free amino acids were also detected in waxy corn hybrids,of which 8 essential amino acids accounted for 30% ~ 46.6% of the total free amino acids.The maximum variation degree of 17 free amino acids is Met,and the variation coefficient is more than 40%.Ala,Arg,Asp and Val are in the middle,and the coefficient of variation is between 10% and 20%.Amino acids with coefficient of variation less than 10% include Cys,Glu,Gly,His,Ser,Tyr,Ile,Leu,Lys,Phe,Thr and Trp.The waxy corn inbred lines have different nutritional components in their grains,with the highest starch content,total free amino acids,water content,protein content,and the lowest fat content.Starch content is the highest,total free amino acids,water content,protein content is the second,fat content is the least.In general combining ability analysis,inbred lines N48,N113,N64,N65 and N101 have good GCA values,and their combining ability for each effect is well coordinated.They are parents with excellent characters.The other 7 parents have more disadvantages than advantages,and the overall value is not as good as the above 5 parents.The hybrid combinations showed too long bald tip,short and thick ears,too many rows per ear and too few grains.In the special combining ability analysis,the special combining ability effect values of hybrid combinations N48XN113,N64XN113,N65XN113,N101XN88 are all large,belonging to hybrid combinations with excellent characters.The SCA of these hybrid combinations is relatively large in both quality and agronomic traits.The order of genetic correlation coefficient of 12 waxy corn inbred lines is: single ear weight > protein > grain number per row > 100 grain weight > starch content > row number per ear > ear diameter > fat content > ear length > water content > bald tip length.The order of genetic correlation coefficient is: single ear weight > protein > grain number per row > 100 grain weight > starch content > row number per ear > ear diameter > fat content > ear length > water content > bald tip length.The order of genetic correlation coefficient of 35 waxy corn hybrids is: 100 kernel weight > protein content > grain number per row > single ear weight > bald tip length > water content > fat content > row number per ear > ear length > starch content.The order of genetic correlation coefficient is: 100 grains weight > protein content > grains per row > single spike weight > bald tip length > water content > fat content > rows per spike > spike length > starch content.