Effects Of Different Organic Materials On Soil Fertility And Biological Properties Of Continuous Cropping Soybean Soil

The application of organic materials can improve soil nutrient content,improve soil structure,adjust microbial community structure and improve crop yield,and it is of great significance to overcome soybean continuous obstruction.At present,the study of overcome soybean continuous cropping obstacles to increase production has made certain achievements,but for the organic material to study the influence of soybean continuous cropping soil microbial diversity and output is less.This study is based on the teaching experiment field of jilin agricultural university,which is the research object of seven years of black earth.Select three types of poultry and animal feces,natural,organic fertilizer(class),a total of nine(chicken manure,pig,cow dung,leaves,straw,grass,chicken manure,organic fertilizer,mushroom residue organic fertilizer,lignite,organic fertilizer)of different organic materials,set ten kinds of fertilizer treatments.Analyzes the basic nutrients,soil aggregate composition,the dynamic changes of the nematode community composition and microbial diversity,and explores the organic material effect on yield and quality of soybean,and to evaluate soil microbial environment.It provides scientific basis for improving yield of soybean continuous cropping.The main results are as follows:(1)Class of animal manure organic material to alleviate non-continuous cropping the soil pH drop impact effect is remarkable,organic material and organic fertilizer organic materials of animal manure to inhibit soybean continuous cropping soil pH decline than natural organic material effect is obvious.Three different types of organic materials can effectively improve the nutrient content of soybean soil and have remarkable effect.The manure of livestock and poultry excretion was the most obvious in the content of alkaline nitrogen and instant potassium in soybean soil.The straw stalk of natural class has the most significant effect on the increase of instant phosphorus and organic matter in soybean soil.Organic material treated with organic materials has the highest content of soil speed and phosphorus,which is the most obvious effect in soil.Three types of organic materials can obviously increase the content of soybean continuous cropping soil of large particle size of aggregate,increase water stability of aggregate diameter,average weight significantly increased soil aggregate stability index.(2)The organic materials of livestock and poultry waste are the most obvious to the soil microbial biomass in the soil,followed by natural organic materials.The most significant improvement of the soil microbial biomass and the soil microbial content is the organic material of organic fertilizer,the livestock and poultry excrement and the natural category are not as obvious as organic material.Organic materials of organic fertilizer were significantly more effective than livestock and poultry feces organic materials and natural organic materials.Organic materials and organic materials of organic materials have good effect on soil respiration,while organic materials have obvious effect on soil respiration.Organic materials can effectively improve the activity of hydrogenase,urease,invertase and polyphenol oxidase in soybean soil,and the effect is better than that of CK.(3)The number of three types of organic materials handling continuous cropping soil nematodes are significantly higher than non-continuous cropping,and all organic materials handling continuous cropping soil nematodes were lower than in the controls,the obvious difference between the various fertilizer treatments.The organic material can effectively slow down the relative abundance of the spore nematode in the soybean soil,and the organic fertilizer effect is the best.It is best to increase the abundance of edible nematodes in the soil.The plant parasitic nematodes abundance and mature index can be reduced,the straw effect is most remarkable.The application of the organic material into the can inhibit the continuous cropping of soybean plant parasitic nematodes of nematodes in the soil nutrient groups proportion increased significantly,reduce the omnivorous-the ratio of the predatory nematodes decreased,balance of nutrients in soybean continuous cropping soil groups proportion,reducing the occurrence of soil borne disease,maintain soil health.(4)Organic materials can effectively alleviate production problem in the process of soybean continuous cropping,improve non-continuous cropping and continuous cropping soybean production,to improve the continuous cropping soybean yield effect more obvious,the most obvious effect of chicken manure.It can also effectively improve soil microbial environmental quality.Maintain the relative balance of soya soil microorganisms.The significant growth of dominant bacteria in soybean continuous process was significant.