Study And Application Of Deciduous Agent Of Ficus Microcarpa And Cinnamomum Japonicum

Ficus microcarpa Linn.f.and Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb.are the main garden tree species in Fuzhou,and the application forms are various,Through the investigation,it was found that both Ficus microcarpa and Cinnamomum japonicum were used as road trees,Ficus microcarpa was the backbone tree,and the characteristic tree of Cinnamomum japonicum was the most typical application.Due to the high temperature and rain in most seasons except winter,the climate is suitable for plant growth,the leaf growth is exuberant,.It is easy to breed germs because the air of trees is not in circulation,which leads to serious leaf diseases,and the limitations in the selection of pesticides for tree diseases and insect pests,the effect of chemical control is not satisfactory at present.In order to speed up the application of landscape greening,the main planting methods of Ficus microcarpa and Cinnamomum japonicum are pruning and then transplanting,However,due to the large amount of pruning engineering,the cost of transplantation is high,so it is easy to reduce the survival rate of transplanting in summer.In order to solve the problem of leaf disease in street trees and reduce the cost of transplantation in summer,the experiment of concentrated deciduous leaves in winter and summer was carried out in Ficus microcarpa and Cinnamomumjaponicum.By promoting the concentration of fallen leaves in winter,the pathogen carried by the leaves of the plant falls down with the leaves to control the disease quickly and thoroughly in a short period of time,and at the same time increase the illumination of the pavement in winter.The new leaves were regrowth after concentrated deciduous leaves,which did not affect the shade of the next summer.Before transplantation in summer,the deciduous leaves were concentrated,the pruning link was reduced to reduce the transplantation cost,and the pruning wound was reduced,the plant resistance was increased,and the survival rate of the transplant was improved.The main findings are as follows:1.The garden application of Ficus microcarpa and Cinnamomum japonicum in Fuzhou was investigated.It was found that Ficus microcarpa were mainly planted by backbone trees in Fuzhou,and the application of Ficus microcarpa was varied,including road trees,solitary trees,shade trees,landscape trees,and mainly street trees.The Ficus microcarpa ability is strong but the branch ability is poor,the branch tip is dense,the Capnodium sp.occurs seriously.when it is a road tree,it will seriously affect the landscape effect,and the soot stain falls with rain drops on rainy days,which seriously affects the pedestrian trip.At present,the main use of chemicals is to prevent and control,and it is difficult to prevent and cure.Cinnamomum japonicum is planted as a characteristic tree species,mainly used as road trees,garden trees,matching trees.Thesprouting power is poor,the branches are dense,and the leaf diseases are serious,such as Gibberella baccata Sacc.and Gloesporium sp.When the disease breaks out in a large area,the trees have to be cut off.Ficus microcarpa and Cinnamomum japonicum are mainly transplanted in the process of garden application,Because of the perennial high temperature in Fuzhou,In order to maintain the water balance of the tree,it is necessary to prune the leaves before transplantation,which requires a lot of manpower and material resources,which leads to the high cost of transplantation,and after pruning,there are many wounds and low survival rate of the plants.2.The effects of defoliant on concentrated shedding and physiological and biochemical changes of Ficus microcarpa were analyzed.The results of winter experiment showed that:ethephon 0.8%,potassium iodide 0.2% and urea 2% were the most suitable combination of defoliant,after application,achieved the ideal effect of deciduous and germination.and the rate of defoliation and germination was 95.02% and83.23%,respectively.There was no obvious damage to the phenotypes of leaves and branches after spraying,It was found that the leaf senescence gradually after spraying defoliant,and the physiological index changed from the first day,in which the total chlorophyll content and soluble protein content decreased,the cell membrane permeability increased,and the chlorophyll content and soluble protein content decreased,and thecell membrane permeability increased.The relative conductivity and MDA content increased,the SOD content and IAA oxidase activity increased in antioxidant enzyme system,inhibited plant growth and promoted senescence,resulting in delamination and leaf shedding,and then resumed plant growth on the 7th day.Physiological indexes gradually returned to the original level.The results of summer experiment showed that: ethephon 0.8%,potassium iodide 0.1%,urea 8% were the most suitable combination of larch,the rate of larch and germination were100% and 99.50%,respectively,and there was no damage to the phenotype of the plant after spraying,and the time from the beginning of falling leaves to the recovery of shading was the shortest,which was 36 days,the result is good.3.The effects of defoliant on concentrated shedding and physiological and biochemical changes in leaves of Cinnamomum japonicum were analyzed.The results of winter experiment showed that:After spraying with ethephon 0.4%,potassium iodide 0.1% and urea4% assemble,the rate of defoliation and germination were 78.14% and74.14%,respectively.After 25 days of spraying ethephon 0.4%,potassium iodide 0.1% and urea 4%,all the leaves were exfoliated,to achieve the ideal effect,and there was no damage to the plant after spraying.There was no obvious damage to the phenotypes of leaves and branches after spraying,It was found that the leaf senescence graduallyafter spraying defoliant,and the physiological index changed from the first day,in which the total chlorophyll content and soluble protein content decreased,the cell membrane permeability increased,and the chlorophyll content and soluble protein content decreased,and the cell membrane permeability increased.The relative conductivity and MDA content increased,the SOD content and IAA oxidase activity increased in antioxidant enzyme system,inhibited plant growth and promoted senescence,resulting in delamination and leaf shedding,and the plant growth resumed 15 days later.Physiological indexes gradually returned to the original level.The results of summer experiment showed that:ethephon 0.4%,potassium iodide 0.1% and urea 4% were the most suitable formula for defoliating agent,and the rate of defoliation was59.68%,to meet the amount of pruning for the earth ball transplantation of Cinnamomum japonicum,And the germination was highest(62.63%).After spraying,the plant phenotype was not damaged,and the tree recovered the fastest,which began to fall.The time from leaf to shade restoration was the shortest is 42 days,the result is good.