| In this study,collections 33 citrus varieties(hereinafter referred to as “red orange”),including red orange,mandarin orange and citrus varieties similar to the Fuju,were used as experimental materials,and genetic diversity was carried out using ISSR technology.analysis.Based on the test results and actual conditions,four Fuju strains including one common strain and three superior strains were screened to explore the quality of common Fuju and superior strains during fruit development.Differences,and the use of pollen sensation to regulate fruit quality.The main findings are as follows:1.14 out of 27 ISSR primers were screened,and DNA of 33 "red orange" germplasm resources was amplified by PCR to obtain 148 bands.Among them,120 polymorphic bands,the percentage of polymorphic loci was 80.53%.The genetic similarity coefficient of 33 "red orange" germplasm resources ranged from 0.570 to 0.970.With the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.780 as the threshold,33 "red orange" germplasm resources were divided into 7 groups(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).It indicated that the genetic differences of 33 germplasm resources were large,and ISSR could better distinguish them.Among the PCR products of Z881,there were different bands in the 1100 bp and1200 bp of the common Fuju line,Fuju you and Fuju heart embryo.And the cluster analysis showed that the genetic similarity coefficient between the common Fuju strain and the Fuju you and Fuju heart embryos was 0.570,which indicated that the common Fuju strain and the Fuju you plant and the Fuju heart embryo were at the molecular level.The strain may have a bud change relationship.2.During the development of Fuju,there was no difference in fruit shape index and water content between common Fuju and Fuju you,and the growth curve trend was consistent;in single fruit weight,peel thickness,seed number,VC,soluble solid shape There are differences in indicators such as the content of sugar and its component content.From the 170 th day after flowering,the weight of single fruit increased rapidly,and the single fruit weight of CK(Ordinary Fudan single plant)was always within 100 g,and was less than that of excellent strain No.1(You 1),Youzhu No.2(You 2)and excellent Strain No.8(You 8);the thickness of CK was greater than 3 excellent plants,and the number of seeds was less than 3 excellent plants.Fructose fruit is mainly fructose,glucose and sucrose,fructose is the sweetest,sucrose is the second,and glucose tastes best.In this study,the content of fructose,glucose and sucrose in CK was less than that in the superior strain,indicating that the sweetness and taste of CK were not as good as those of the excellent strain;the organic acids in the fruit of Fu orange were mainly citric acid,pyruvic acid,malic acid and quinic acid..Among them,citric acid content is the highest,accounting for 86.28%-93.09% during the whole growth and development;pyruvic acid content is second only to citric acid,which is consistent with the citricacid content;malic acid content is increasing,after flowering 170 The growth of d-190 d was the fastest;the content of quinic acid was higher at 150 d after flowering.As the fruit matured,the content of quinic acid decreased sharply,and the content at the ripening stage was negligible.The citric acid content and pyruvic acid content of CK were higher than that of the superior strain,and the malic acid content was lower than that of the excellent strain.In summary,the titratable acid content of excellent 2 is 0.91%,the soluble sugar content is 9.55%,the sugar-acid ratio is 10.44,the solid-acid ratio is 14.8,the fruit flavor is rich and sweet;the soluble sugar content of excellent 1 and excellent 8 Above 8%,the acid content is above 1%,the ratio of sugar to acid is 8.01 and 8.14,respectively,the flavor is thick,slightly acidic;the sugar content of CK is <7.5%,the acid content is >1%,the ratio of sugar to acid is only 5.33,fruit Strong and sour.3.Pollinating CK,You 1,You 2 and You 8 with Maogu Orange and Red Beauty as their parents.The results showed that the fruit setting rate of the red-pollinated fruit was up to 27.00%,which may be related to the close relationship between the red beauty and the orange.During the fruit ripening period,the fruit of Fuling Orange after pollination of Maogu Orange showed pollen straightness in single fruit weight,peel thickness,seed number and VC content;no pollen straightness was observed in fruit shape index,edible rate and water content.The fruit of Fu orange after red pollination showed pollen sensation in single fruit weight,peel thickness,seed number,VC content,soluble sugar content and titratable acid content;it was not in fruit shape index,edible rate and water content.Performance of pollen straightness.Compared with the control,the content of soluble solids,fructose,glucose and sucrose increased,while the content of citric acid,pyruvic acid and malic acid decreased.During fruit development,VC content and titratable acid content were significantly different from the control during the whole development process.The fructose content of cross-pollination was the most different from the control at 190 d after flowering.In general,pollination of Fudan with Maogu Orange and Red Beauty as the male parent improved the fruit quality of Futang to some extent.4.During fruit development,the activities of SPS(sucrose phosphate synthase),SuS(synthesis direction)(sucrose synthase(synthesis direction),SuS(decomposition direction)(sucrose synthase(decomposition direction))showed an overall upward trend.NI(neutral invertase),CS(citrate synthase),IDH(mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase),and PEPC(phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase)generally showed a downward trend.Correlation analysis showed that sucrose and SuS(synthesis direction)showed a significant positive correlation(r=0.879*)in excellent 2-h,which was consistent with sucrose as the main sugar in citrus;SuS(decomposition direction)and soluble sugar in CK There was a significant positive correlation(r=0.933*)in-h,indicating that SuS(decomposition direction)plays an important role in the accumulation of soluble sugar in fruits.There was a significant positive correlation between citric acid and PEPC in CK-0 and CK-h(r=0.996**,0.975**),indicating that the inhibition of PEPC activity plays an important role in theaccumulation of organic acids.SPS and SuS(decomposition direction)are key enzymes in the sugar metabolism of Fu orange fruit;PEPC is a key enzyme in the organic acid metabolism of Fu orange.In addition,the phenomenon of pollen sensation of the sugar acid metabolizing enzyme was not found in this study,which may be due to the large error in the determination of enzyme activity or the phenomenon of pollen sensation in the fruit in other aspects of sugar acid metabolism. |
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