Research On Sowing-fertilization Control And Monitoring System Of Corn No-tillage Planter

No-till sowing technology is one of the most important technologies for conservation tillage,which is of great significance to ecological environment protection and grain yield improvement.At present,the research on no-till sowing technology in our country is still not deep enough,especially in the aspects of seeding control,fertilization control and remote monitoring.No-till planter not only needs intelligent and precise control of the seeding process,but also need to achieve the purpose of efficient fertilizer application.In this paper,aiming at the problem such as the increasing of missed seeding caused by the slide of the ground wheel,the low utilization rate of chemical fertilizer and the lack of remote monitoring,through analyzing the domestic and foreign research dynamics of sowing control technology and fertilization control technology,as well as combining the technologies of micro-control technology,sensing technology and remote transmission technology,a research based on sowing-fertilization control and monitoring system for corn no-tillage planter was carried out.The design of this system mainly includes the design of main control unit,seeding monitoring-control system,fertilizing monitoring-control system and remote monitoring-management system.Among them,the main control unit is the hub of the entire system,with STM32F103ZET6 micro-controller as the core processor,through the RS232 interface circuit to communicate with seeding monitoring-control system,fertilization monitoring-control system and GPRS DTU module.The seeding monitoring-control system is used as a control center for seeding operations,which uses a BLDCM instead of the ground wheel to drive the finger-type seed metering device and uses a PVDF piezo-electric sensor to detect the working status of the seed metering device.The fertilizing monitoring-control system is a driver and monitor to the fertilizer box,which uses a stepper motor to drive the external groove wheel fertilizer apparatus to achieve fertilizing work and uses a pair of infrared tube with type of HD-DS200 CM to monitor the empty state of the fertilizer box.The remote monitoring-management system is running on the server,and it belongs to the application program.It is developed by WPF technology and Access database.It has the remote monitoring function of data information formed form no tillage planter sowing and fertilizing.The simulation results of seeding monitoring-control system show that the system has a good step response with an overshoot of 4% and a regulation time of 0.12 s when using the PID parameters optimized by PSO algorithm as control variables.And its field experiments show that the BLDCM driving mode is superior to the traditional ground wheel driving mode.The field experiments results of fertilizing monitoring-control system show that when the seeding speed of is 1~9Km/h,the relative error between the actual amount of fertilizing and the amount of theoretical fertilizing is 1.01%~8.58%.The whole system test results show that it is reasonable for the software and hardware design of the system,and it can realize the functions of seeding control,fertilization control and remote monitoring,which meet the design requirements.