Studies On Normal Temperature Storage Technology To Stratified Seed And Early Breeding In Panax Ginseng C.A.Mey

Ginseng?Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer?is propagated from seed,but the seed has deep dormancy characteristics which need temperature stratification to relesase dormancy.Because ginseng ormancy-release process need much time,the seed is sterilized before the storage,but the drug effect time is limited or formdrug resistant strains,the ginseng seed with highwater content easily germinate and rot during transport,that seriously affect the emergence rate and increase ginseng seedlings disease.At the same time,the quality of ginseng is closely related to the gene,that directly affect the production performance and quality of the offspring.Breeding early,because of ginseng seedling small quality and low saponin content,can not be completed quality testing,at the same time 4 years ginseng to seed,intergenerational intervals too long,resulting ginseng in a long traditional ginseng breeding cycle.How to prolong stratified ginseng seed storage time at normal temperature,reduce the germination and decay of ginseng seeds during the process of transport,speed up the ginseng breeding process have great significance to the ginseng industry.In this study,as the germination indexand rotof stratified ginseng seed for the standard,selected the suitablethe optimum water content andpacking type for temperature storage;isolated and identified the pathogenic microorganisms that caused ginseng seed decay during storage and screened the sensitive agents by the filter paper method;screened high specific saponin ginseng plant-specific PCR amplification primer and optimized the reaction system through molecular identification technology,developed an early detection kit for high ginsenoside ginseng strains,to provide a scientific basis for accelerating the selection of ginseng varieties.The major result are as follow:1.According the germination index and decay of seed,the best conditions of stratified ginseng seed at normal temperature are moisture content 35%,sealed package.Under the conditions stock 21 days,the effective germination rate is 66.16%,the germination potential is57.61%,and the germination index is 4.2.2.Four kinds of pathogenic bacteria causing the decay of stratified ginseng seedwere isolated and identified.They were Mucor,Fusarium,Geotrichum candidum and Pseudomonas.Iodine+endothal had the bestinhibition effect for the 4 kinds pathogenic bacteria,second was Mancozeb,third were Thiram and Chlorothalonil,Thiophanate-Methyl and 2-benzo imidazole methyl carbamate did not inhibitory effect.3.Successfully developed high saponins ginseng strains early detection kit,the kit specific primers was GC1,the PCR amplification conditions:Annealing temperature48.7?,DNA 2.60ng·?L^-1,Mg²⁺1.44 mmol·L^-1,dNTP 0.19 mmol·L^-1,primer0.32 umol·L^-11 and Taq enzyme concentration 0.076 U·?L^-1.4.The high-saponin-related genes is glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene.The enzyme is a key enzyme who catalyzes the conversion of glycolytic intermediates into glycerol-3-phosphate?Gly3p?,which provides precursors for the Saponins synthesis pathway?MEP?to promote ginsenoside synthesis and accumulation.