| Objective:The purpose of this project is to study the effects of three organic base fertilizers,Topdressing and chemical fertilizers on the yield and the content of effective components of Polygonatum macropodium under the organic planting management mode in a plot experiment.The quality of three varieties of polygonatum was compared through the organic planting experiment,and the most suitable varieties for local organic planting in the experimental area were determined.At the same time,the orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the process of Polygonatum macropodium steamed with yellow rice wine and to evaluate the quality of different varieties of polygonatum steamed with yellow rice wine,in order to provide reference for the organic planting of polygonatum and the initial processing of its origin.Methods:Based on the design of plot planting experiment,taking the yield,polysaccharide content and total saponin content of Polygonatum macropodium as the evaluation index,combined with experimental data and variance analysis,the effects of three different organic fertilizers—cattle manure,pig manure,goat manure,and topdressing of exogenous organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on Polygonatum macropodium were studied.At the same time,according to the above four indicators,the quality of three varieties of polygonatum organic trial was evaluated comprehensively by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Taking polysaccharide content,total saponin content,alcohol-soluble extract content and water-soluble extract content of Polygonatum macropodium as indexes,the effects of liquid-to-material ratio,soaking time,steaming time and moistening time on Polygonatum macropodium after steaming with yellow rice wine were studied by four factors and three levels orthogonal test and multiple variance analysis.Analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was used to evaluate the quality of three varieties of polygonatum steamed with yellow rice wine.Results:Among the three organic base fertilizers,goat manure had the highest fertilizer efficiency in increasing the yield of Polygonatum macropodium and accumulating the active ingredients.Topdressing with exogenous organic fertilizer was more conducive to increasing the yield of Polygonatum macropodium and accumulating the active ingredients.Among them,"goat manure 50000/hm~2+organic manure 4000/hm~2"is the best fertilization mode.Comprehensive evaluation of three varieties of polygonatum showed that Polygonatum sibiricum was the most suitable variety for organic cultivation in the experimental area.The optimum steaming technology of Polygonatum macropodium was as follows:the ratio of material to liquid of Polygonatum macropodium and rice wine was 3:1,the yellow rice wine soaked for 6 hours before steaming,and then moistened for 8hours after steaming for 10 hours.The results of variance analysis showed that in the process of steaming Polygonatum macropodium by yellow rice wine,the factors influencing polysaccharide content were material-liquid ratio and steaming time;the factors influencing total saponin content were soaking time and steaming time;the factors influencing the content of alcohol-soluble extract and water-soluble extract were material-liquid ratio and soaking time;and the moisture content of these four indicators was affected by soaking time.The effect of moistening time on the content of these four indicators was not significant.The quality of three varieties of polygonatum steamed with rice wine was evaluated comprehensively.The results showed that the quality of Polygonatum macropodium steamed with rice wine was the best.Conclusions:The organic planting experiment of studied in this paper has reasonable design and obvious effect,which provides experience for the exploration of organic planting technology of Chinese herbal medicine.The optimized processing technology of steamed Polygonatum macropodium with yellow rice wine is simple and effective,and can be used as a popularization technology for the initial processing of Polygonatum macropodium. |
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