Effects Of Straw Returning On Greenhouse Cucumber Growth And Related Soil Factors

In the production of greenhouse cucumber,the unscientific use of chemical fertilizers will cause serious consequences such as soil compaction,microbial and enzyme activities,and a large number of crop straws can not be effectively used every year,resulting in serious waste of resources.So how to promote the utilization of straw to reduce the amount of fertilizer has become an urgent problem to be solved.In this experiment,"Jinyou 35" cucumber cultivars in Solar Greenhouse in Inner Mongolia were selected as the research object,and the soil without straw was used as the control(CK).Three treatments,namely,straw comminution and returning(FS),straw mulching and returning(FG),and straw carbonization and returning(TH),were set up.The effects of straw returning on greenhouse cucumber growth and related soil factors were studied by measuring the growth of cucumber roots,soil nutrients and microbial indicators,and other indicators related to cucumber root growth and rhizosphere change.The research results are as follows:1.Compared with the control treatment,the straw height,stem diameter,leaf number,female flower number,chlorophyll content,root volume,number of results and yield per plant of the cucumber were increased to some extent after the straw was returned to the field.Among them,FS treatment had the most obvious effects on stem diameter,leaf number,leaf area,intercellular carbon dioxide,chlorophyll,lateral root and yield per plant,and TH treatment had the most obvious effect on plant height.2.The effects of FS and TH treatments on soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus and organic matter were significantly different from those of the control.FG treatment had significant difference in available phosphorus and organic matter compared with the control;these three treatments on soil bulk density,pH,total nitrogen.The effects of these three treatments on soil bulk density,pH,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium were not significant.3.The ratio of bacterial Gp16,the proportion of bacterial monosaccharide,the proportion of bacterial acid microbes,the proportion of bacterial cocci and the proportion of Rhodospirillum were increased in the three treatments at the target level Mu.The ratio of Gp6 was lower than that of the control group;the ratio of these three treatments to the fungus spores was higher than that of the control group,and the proportion of fungal bulbs,the proportion of fecal shells,the proportion of spores,the ratio of acremonium to agaric was lower than that of the control group;the effects of FS and FG treatment on urease were significant,and the effects of FS,TH and FG on the invertase were significant,and the effects of FS and TH treatment on catalase were significant.4.Correlation analysis showed that the soil available nitrogen,organic matter and carbon to nitrogen ratio could promote the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,root volume and leaf area index of cucumber plant growth under the return of straw;catalase had a promoting effect on the number of leaves,leaf area,female flowers,secondary lateral roots,fruit weight,fruit number and yield of cucumber plants;the proportion of acid microflora had a promoting effect on the total phosphorus of soil index;the proportion of microorganism Gp 16 had a promoting effect on the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of soil index;urease had a promoting effect on the organic matter of soil;sucrase had a promoting effect on the available potassium of soil,and the proportion of sarcoma had a promoting effect on the total potassium of soil,the proportion of coccidia had a reduced effect on the soil bulk density of 0-20 cm,and catalase had a reduced effect on the soil bulk density of 20-40 cm.5.Overall,FS treatment had the most significant effect compared with the control.Compared with the control,FS treatment significantly increased cucumber plant height by 9.04%,stem diameter by 8.59%,leaf number by 30.37%,leaf area by 30.91%,primary lateral root by 27.08%,secondary lateral root by 16.82%,yield by 35.07%,soil organic matter by 34.38%,available phosphorus by 42.86%,available potassium by 76.34%,urease by 32.54%,sucrase by 245%and catalase by 30.38%respectively,and the proportion of soil Gp16 increased by 16.67%,Xanthomonas by 5.45%,Bacterioacidic Microflora by 3.13%,Bacteriococcus by 14.88%,Bacteriorhodospirilla by 4.47%and Geosporiaceae by 110.62%.Therefore,the application promotion value of FS processing in production practice is high.