Effects Of Soil Mulching And Organic Fertilizer On Soil Nutrient And Fruit Quality Of Jujube

Taking Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.Lingwuczao Planting Park as the experimental site,this experiment designed the experiment of growing grass,straw mulching and applying organic fertilizer in jujube garden.In the experiment of growing grass in jujube garden,4 grasses(Lolium perenne L;Trifolium repens L;Medicago sativa L;Lotus corniculatus L)were used for row-by-row grass treatment,and natural grass and clear tillage were used as the control.Four treatment modes were designed for straw mulching and organic fertilizer application experiments:tree tray straw mulching,inter-row straw mulching,organic fertilizer application and sheep manure application(control).The indexes of each treatment,jujube tree growth index,photosynthetic index,fruit quality and yield were determined and analyzed,so as to provide technical support for soil fertilization in 'lingwuchangzao' plantation.The main results are as follows:1.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil of'lingwuchangzao' Plantation can be increased by the application of grass,straw mulching and organic fertilizer,which is conducive to improving soil fertility and increasing soil nutrient accumulation.2.Ryegrass and white clover can promote the growth of 'lingwuchangzao' after intercropping in jujube orchard.3.Compared with the control,grass growing,straw mulching and organic fertilizer treatment in jujube garden can reduce transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of'lingwuchangzao',increase net photosynthetic rate and enhance water use efficiency.Among them,ryegrass treatment and organic fertilizer treatment have obvious effect.4.Grass growing,straw mulching and organic fertilizer treatment in jujube garden can optimize the fruit quality of 'lingwuchangzao' and improve the fruit flavor.Compared with the control,ryegrass treatment can significantly increase the content of Vc and flavonoids in fruits,reduce organic acids and enhance fruit hardness.Alfalfa treatment can significantly increase the weight of single fruit,with the average weight of single fruit reaching 18.60 g;Straw mulching on the tree tray also has the effect of improving fruit quality.5.Compared with the control,raw grass,straw mulching and organic fertilizer treatment in jujube garden can increase the yield of'lingwuchangzao'.Among the raw grass treatments,ryegrass treatment has the most significant effect,which is 23.93%higher than clean tillage and the yield reaches 5,288 kg/hm2.In straw mulching treatment,the effect of straw mulching on tree tray was the most significant,which was 35.78%higher than that of the control,and the yield reached 5.344 kg/hm2.The optimal measures for soil fertility improvement in 'lingwuchangzao' Plantation are suggested as follows:ryegrass and white clover are covered with inter-row grass and straw on the tree tray.