Identification Of Sporulational Group And Biocontrol Research Of Botrytis Cinerea

The Eastern Foothill of Helan Mountain is the best cultivation ecological region for wine grape in China.As of 2017,the cultivated area has reached 43 thousand hm2here.HoAvever,with the continuous expansion of planting year and cultivation area,the occurrence of grape diseases is getting worse,especially the grapevine gray mildew caused by Botrytis cinerea in the periods of flowering and maturation.As a complex species,B.cinerea's biological characteristics,pathogenicity and resistance to pesticides are quite different,which poses great challenges for the efficient control of it.At present,there are few reports on the classification of the sporulation groups of B.cinerea in infected grapevines,but this project is of great significance for clarifying the pathogenicity and pesticide resistance of B.cinerea.For a long time,the prevention and control of B.cinerea depend on chemical pesticides,which are easy to cause great impacts on grape fruit and ecological environment.Therefore,the biocontrol of B.cinerea is the key measure to solve problems in the safe production of grape.In this study,the grapevine B.cinerea from different variety of grape was studied,and the following works were carried out,The identification and classification of the sporulation groups of B.cinerea by the means of morphology and molecular biology;Exploring the controlling effects of six commercially available biocontrol agents and 2 antagonistic endophytic fungi on grapevine gray mildew were then investigated,so as to provide a guiding basis for the safe production of the organic grape,and the results of this research are as follows:1.Through the differences of cultured properties,morphological characteristics of scleroti?m and conidia,and pathogenicity of B.cinerea were compared.Combined with molecular biological methods,18 isolates were identified and classified by sporulation groups.The results showed that 18 isolates could be divided into 6 spore-producing groups according to their cultured properties,morphological characteristics of sclerotia and conidia,and pathogenicity.6 of representative strains were confirmed to be Botrytis by amplification of Bc-729 gene.The phylogenetic tree constructed with Bc-hch gene showed that these 6 representative strains of B.cinerea were divided into 6 branches at 0.001 scale,and there were 5?10-base sequence differences among the them.2.In order to investigate the effects of 6 biocontrol's pesticides,against on B.cinerea,Laboratorying toxicity,isolated grape and control efficacy test.The results showed that the Eugenel and Pythium oligandrum could inhibit the growth of the mycelium of B.cinerea,respectively EC50 are 4.64 ?L/mL and 1.21 mg/mL.At the same time,the results of tests showed that Eugenel(120 ?L/mL)and Pythium oligandrum(1.8 mg/mL)both have a remarkable protection and treatment effect on grape B.cinerea,and the effect was similar to chemical pesticide(0.2 ?L/mL).3.The purpose is to determine the antagonistic effects of endophytic fungi XKZKDF27 and NQ8GII4 on B.cinerea,plate confrontation,isolated grape and control efficacy test had been carrierd out.The results showed that the antigonistic endophytic fungi NQ8GII4 and XKZKDF27 fermentation production and mycelium were able to inhibit the growth of B.cinerea mycelium,and the inhibition rates were about 60%.At the same time,on the grape,2 of antigonistic endophytic fungi fermentation production also had a better protective effect against B.cinerea and the average control effect was 70.29%and 67.32%in control efficacy.Significantly higher than the control effect of the saled Biocontrol pesticides,and the effect was similar to chemical pesticide procymidone.