Research Of Blueberry Quality Influenced By Honeybee Pollination Behavior

Pollination plays a very important roll in agricultural production.It makes a great differences to fruit setting rate and fruit development which would interfere with yied and quality of fruit eventually.A.cerana.cerana and A.mellifera.ligustica were used in this paper to pollinate bludberry to compared their pollination behavior and activity pattern.The fruiting rate,single fruit weighe,fruit shape index and other quality indexes of blueberry pollinated by different honeybees were measured and analyzed.Research on behavior and activity pattern of honeybee provides a basis for the selection of bee species for pollination;Studying the influence of pollination quality of blueberry by different honeybees is helpful for the application of blueberry pollination technology.Through literature consulting,work survey,pollination test and production practice,we drew a conclusion of the blueberry pollination technology,blueberry management technology during pollination,and other related supporting technologies.It provides reference for pollination of blueberries in Zhejiang Province and its surrounding areas to promote a win-win pattern and healthy development of China’s crop production and aquaculture industry.The results indicated that A.mellifera acted differently from A.mellifera in pollination behavior.A.m.ligustica probed head into bell flowers,stretched their beaks into the flower tube to take nectar,attached pollen to the head,collected part of the pollen to pollen grains and carried the rest to the other flowers;However,for A.c.cerana,part of the acquisition bee went into the bell flowers to eat,and acquisition time is short.The other collection bees stayed at the torpedo parts,and ate the petals falling from the flowers,which was hard for them to adhere and carry pollen.Besides,the activity pattern was also distinct.for A.c.cerana’s it was 9.16±0.43 s and for A.m.ligustica’s it was 4.89±0.22 s.In addition,the number of bee per area unit was also significantly different.There were 12.00±0.90 A.m.ligustica and 1.73±0.42 A.cerana in unit area gathering honey,respectively.Moreover,the gathering pollen rate for A.cerana was 11.38%,which was 27.51% for A.mellifera,indicating that A.m.ligustica is superior to A.cerana in regard to the number of pollinator and the specificity of pollination.Compared with non-bee pollination,both A.c.cerana and A.m.ligustica could improve the fruit setting rate in three blueberry cultivars,‘Lanyu’,‘Bowu’,and ‘O’Neal’,with 2.5,2.29,and1.59 folds for A.cerana,and 1.58,2.4,and 1.81 folds for A.mellifera higher than non-bee pollination,respectively.However,bee-mediated pollination decreased the longitudinal and transverse diameters,and fruit weight of blueberry.Meanwhile,effect of A.c.cerana and A.m.ligustica –mediated pollination on soluble sugar,titratable acid,and anthocyanin content differed among three cultivars.Bee-mediated pollination could significantly increase the soluble sugar content in ’Lanyu’,and the titratable acid content in ‘O’Neal’.For anthocyanin concentration,the highest level was detected in ‘O’Neal’ pollinated by A.cerana(0.5282 mg/g),while the lowest level was found in ‘Bowu’ without bee-mediated pollination(0.1637 mg/g).