| The swing-arm garbage truck has the advantages of separating the garbage hopper from the vehicle body,realizing the combined use of one vehicle and multiple garbage hoppers and cyclic transportation.The lifting mechanism is the core structure of separating the garbage hopper from the vehicle body.Its kinematic characteristics,dynamic characteristics and structural strength directly affect the performance,operation efficiency and service life of the vehicle.In this paper,the kinematics and dynamics simulation of a swing-arm garbage truck lifting mechanism is studied.The speed,acceleration and force of each hinge point of the lifting mechanism are obtained.The maximum force condition of the lifting mechanism is analyzed.The static characteristics of the swing-arm frame of the lifting mechanism under this condition are studied,and its structure is further optimized and verified.(1)According to the main performance and working parameters of the swing-arm garbage truck,the structure design of the lifting mechanism is carried out,and the main components of the hydraulic system are selected according to the working range of the lifting mechanism,and the lifting time and the critical state pulling force of the lifting mechanism are calculated.(2)Based on the three-dimensional design software SolidWorks,the three-dimensional solid model of the lifting mechanism is established,and the interference analysis of the lifting mechanism is realized by virtual assembly.(3)Based on ADAMS,the kinematics and dynamics simulation of hoisting mechanism is carried out.The results show that the working range and kinematics characteristics of the hoisting mechanism meet the actual working requirements.The initial position of the hoisting mechanism under full load hoisting condition is the most stressed and complex state in the whole operation process.(4)The results show that the maximum stress of the swing arm frame occurs at the welding point between the side plate and the ear plate reinforcement bar of the swing arm frame,and there are two stress concentration points with the stress value of 239.3 MPa,which exceeds the yield strength of the swing arm frame material.(5)Improvement of swing arm frame structure of hoisting mechanism is carried out.The reinforcement plate is welded between the reinforcement bar of the ear plate and the inner plate of the swing arm.The reinforcement plate is welded firmly with the side plate of the swing arm and the inner plate of the swing arm.The welding around the reinforcement bar of the ear plate is firm.The static analysis of the improved structure is carried out.The results show that the maximum deformation of the swing-arm frame is reduced from 42.3742 mm to 10.3819 mm,the maximum strain in the dangerous zone of stress concentration of the swing-arm frame is reduced from 0.012381 mm to 0.001159 mm,and the maximum stress is reduced from 239.301 MPa to 179.647 MPa.(6)According to the relevant requirements of the automobile industry standard QC/T 439-2013 "Swing arm self-loading and unloading truck",the main technical parameters,vehicle performance,self-loading and unloading performance tests of the swing arm garbage truck are organized,and the stress tests of the swing arm are carried out,which verifies that the mechanical properties of the improved swing arm structure meet the requirements of the design specifications. |
