Genetic Diversity And Quality Analysis Of Hybrid Rice Parents In Upper Yangtze River

Rice is one of the most important food crops in China,accounting for about 40% of total grain production.More than half of the country's population is rice-based,and rice plays a pivotal role in global food production and consumption.In this study,the genetic diversity and rice quality of 137 parents of hybrid rice widely used in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were studied by genotype detection,agronomic traits investigation and rice quality determination,which provided a basis for efficient utilization of heterosis.The results showed that:(1)The primers used in this study have good polymorphism and can basically reflect the genetic diversity of the tested materials.The genetic variation between population 1 and population 2 was 79.64%,indicating that the genetic distance of the tested materials in this study was large.In addition,through genotypic detection and analysis,it was found that there were restorer lines in population 1 and maintainer lines in population 2,which was highly consistent with the source of the materials.(2)There were great differences in agronomic characters in this study,which indicated that the materials were rich in genetic diversity.In this study,there was a positive correlation between yield per plant and yield related traits except effective panicle per plant.And the characters related to yield increase,such as 1000-grain weight,panicle length,filled grain number,grain number per panicle and seed setting rate,basically reached a significant or extremely significant level,and the correlation coefficient was large.The results showed that the yield per plant of the tested materials was highly correlated with the above agronomic characters.(3)Principal component analysis extracted a total of four principal components.The first principal component was a single plant yield factor,the second principal component was a combined factor of 1000-grain weight and grain type,the third principal component was a grain type factor,and the fourth principal component was a seed set rate factor.(4)Studies on the cooking quality showed that the variation range of AC,GC and ASV were0.98-34.60%,49.00-149.40 mm and 1.00-7.00,respectively.These results indicated that the test materials showed higher diversity.(5)According to the investigation of agronomic traits and the corresponding indexes of cooking quality and appearance quality,11 materials with good yield,cooking quality and appearance quality were selected,including Shuhui 527,Zhonghui 8015,Luhui 17,Chenghui 425,Yahui 2118,Fuhui 9303,Nanhui 511,Mianhui2098,Luhui 7254,Mianhui 662 and Yahui 2115.(6)The values of PKV,HPV,BDV,CPV,CSV,and SBV of the tested materials ranged from 184.58-477.00 RVU,105.63-285.29 RVU,140.92-469.83 RVU,33.42-287.75 RVU,35.29-224.25 RVU,and-220.29-163.21 RVU,the results show that the eigenvalues of the RVA spectra of the tested materials are more different.