| Elytrigia is a closely related genus of Triticum.It has strong adapt ability and reproductive ability,and contains abundant fine genes.It is an important germplasm resource for wheat genetic improvement and forage breeding.In this study,a new wheatgrass Germplasm with cold-resistant and perennial characteristics,F2~F6,a hybrid progeny of Octoploid Triticum intermedium and Thinopyrum intermedium,was used to identify the chromosome composition and genetic characteristics of the material by morphological analysis,cytology,molecular marker detection and genomic in situ hybridization.A new cold-resistant perennial wheatgrass line for both grainand forage grass was planted in Heilongjiang Province.The results of morphological investigation showed that 23 New Germplasms of wheat straw from F2~F6 generation had a seed setting rate of 30%~90%.Their phenotype was close to that of their male parent,Thinopyrum intermedium.They had cold resistance and perennial characteristics,grow prolifically,well developed roots and many tillers,and were suitable for Harbin area.Cytological identification results showed that 42 chromosomes were dominant in 23 new wheatgrass germplasms.Most of the pollen mother cell meiosis observation results were cyclic bivalents.There were rod-shaped bivalents with homologous pairs,only a few monovalents or polyvalents,and the inheritance tended to be stable.However,the somatic chromosome numbers of F2 1-1-4 and F2 2-19-1 lines ranged from 42 to 70,and there were more monovalents and polyvalents,The Inheritance has not yet stabilized.The results of molecular marker analysis showed that all the new wheat straw germplasms contained genetic material of Thinopyrum intermedia.The specific markers of the other 16 materials on the 1-7 linkage group all amplified the same bands as those of Thinopyrum intermedium and Eriopsis parviflora.The results of GISH identification of 11 perennial wheatgrass somatic mitotic chromosomes showed that there were 12 to 16 signals,12 to 14 signals at both ends,6 to 8 signals at the middle and 4 to 6 signals at no signal.The meiotic chromosomes of three wheat cultivars were identified by GISH.The results showed that there was chromosome pairing between common wheat and Thinopyrum intermedia.The new perennial wheatgrass lines bred in this study play an important role in marginal land use,soil and water conservation,and increase forage yield,which can provide an important material basis for enriching and improving forage resources in Heilongjiang Province. |
