| Musk-secretion is a special physiological characteristic of musk animal.Musk deer,civet and muskrat are all musk animals.By the reason of that musk deer and civet are national protected animals,we cannot conduct physiological study on them.Musk-secretion is an important physiological phenomenon,the study on its regulation mechanism has significance for improving the production of musk.So we need to find a new way to study on the regulation mechanism of musk-secretion.Muskrat(Ondatra zibethicus)is a musk animal from North America.Recent years,this species are spreading world-widely.The musk glands of muskrat are similar with musk deer and civet in growing area,morphological structure and secretion compositions.We can consider these musk animals' musk glands as homologous organs.The physiological study on muskrat is out of the limits of conservation biology.We can take muskrat as a model animal to study the regulation mechanism of musk-secretion.In this study,we used RNA sequencing to study the difference between the mRNA expression levels of muskrats' musk glands in both breeding season and non-breeding season.We suppose to screen out the key signaling pathways of musk-secrete regulation,and provide new ideas and evidence to study the mechanism of musk-secrete regulation.We conduct immunohistochemistry and other techniques to analyze the changes in androgen pathway and adiponectin pathway in two seasons.The main results are presented as below:(1)The musk glands of muskrat,civet and musk deer are similar in morphology and function.AR is detected in these species' musk glands.It suggest that muskrat can be used as a model animal to study musk-secretion physiology.(2)Testosterone biosynthesis relating enzymes' expression level in Leydig cells of muskrat,such as StAR,P450scc and 3?-HSD are higher in breeding season.While the expression level of AR in musk gland has a similar change.It suggest that the testis and musk gland have a co-development relationship.And the development of musk gland is regulated by testosterone.(3)The concentration of Adiponectin in serum of muskrat is higher in breeding season.The mRNA expression levels of AdipoR1?AMPKG1?GLUT1 in musk gland are higher in breeding season.While the mRNA expression level of ACC1 is higher in non-breeding season.The protein expression levels are similar.These changes result in more p-oxidation and glucose absorption.The Adiponectin pathway provide more energy for musk secretion. |
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