Regulation Of Clipping,Variety And Density At Seedling Stage On Maize Yield And Growth

Northeast is one of the most important corn belt producing district in China,and its total production ranks first in domestic.Corn plays an important role in agricultural production,directly affecting national food security and increasing income of local farmers.This experiment was carried out at the Gongzhuling Experimental Station of the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Two varieties(Xianyu 335 and Fumin 985)were selected and three planting densities were set(D1: 60,000 plants/hm2,D2: 75,000 plants/hm2,D3:90,000 plants/hm2),the treatments were castrated at the 6-leaf stage,and no castration was used as a control(CK)to experiment the effects of different varieties,density and castration on maize yield,quality,growth and development,etc.The results are as follows:1.Seedling cutting and planting density treatment have significant effects on the yield of different maize varieties.Analysis of variance showed that the difference in yield between varieties was not significant,while the interaction between castration and density had a significant effect on yield.At high density(90,000 plants/hm2),the yield of the first Xianyu 335 was significantly higher than that of CK,at medium density(75,000 plants/hm2),and the production of Fumin 985 under castration was extremely high.At CK,under low density(60,000 plants/hm2),the castration treatment of both varieties was significantly lower than CK.The results of yield components,dry matter weight and grain filling showed that under D3 and D2 planting densities,the cutting of the first jade 335 and the Fumin 985 increased the number of grains per ear,reduced length of bald tip,and increased dry weight of plant during filling stage.It improves the operation of material and increases the active time of grain filling,which also incr easing the yield.2.The seedling cutting and planting density treatment of different maize varieties have certain effects on grain quality.Under the D2 planting density of Xianyu 335,under the D1 and D2 of Fumin 985,the grain starch content of castration treatment was higher than that of CK;Under the three planting densities,the grain fat content of castration treatment was higher than that of CK grain fat.Under the D1 and D2 planting density of Fumin 985,the kernel fat content of CK was higher than that of castration content.There was no significant difference in the effects of castration and planting density on grain protein content at different planting densities.The comprehensive results showed that the grain quality of Xianyu 335 was the best under high-density planting(90,000 plants/hm2),and the quality of Fumin 985 was the highest under low-density planting(60,000 plants/hm2).3.Castration treatment of different varieties effectively regulated the agronomic traits of plants.The castration of the two varieties at the seedling stage reduced the plant height,ear height,stem diameter and leaf area index of the maize under the three planting densities.The plant height of the cutting process of Xianyu 335 and Fumin 985 under D1,D2 and D3 decreased by 3.23%,2.74%,2.68% and 3.14%,3.06% and 1.75%,respectively;the Xianyu 335 and Fumin 985 were in D1.The ear height of castration treatment under D2 and D3 was 12.87%,11.96%,10.18% and 12.94%,11.06% and 8.53%,respectively.The stems of castration treated by Xianyu 335 and Fumin 985 under D1,D2 and D3.The crude soil was reduced by 6.48%,6.10%,11.50% and 3.91%,4.38% and 9.67%,respectively.The leaf area index of the first treatment of Dianyu 335 and Fumin 985 under D1,D2 and D3 was 5.32% lower than that of CK.5.76%,8.65% and 9.12%,10.11%,11.85%.The low density and castration treatment increased the lodging resistance of the corn,and the stalk puncture strength and breaking force were significantly different between castra tion,planting density and variety.4.The antioxidant enzyme activities of different varieties were significantly different,and the performance was Fumin 985> Xianyu 335.There was also a significant difference in antioxidant enzyme activity between treatments.The activity of antioxidant enzymes was significantly increased by castration treatment.The antioxidant enzyme activities of castration treatment of 2 varieties were significantly higher than CK under three planting densities.With the improvement days after flowering,the rate of decline of antioxidant enzyme activity under castration treatment was higher than that of CK,and the decrease rate of oxidant activity at low planting density was higher than that of high density plant.5.There were significant differences in the daily variation of fluorescence parameters between corn cutting and planting density,and there was no significant difference between the varieties.At 3 planting densities,the Fv/Fm and(Fm'-Fs)/Fm' peaks of castration treatment of 2 varieties were higher than CK treatment;Fv/Fm and(Fm'-Fs)/Fm's maximum value was reached at the D3 planting density in Xianyu 335,and the Fumin 985 reached the maximum value at the D2 planting density.In conclude,Xianyu 335 can reach higher yield at high density(90000 pl/hm2)and Fumin 985 at a planting density of 75000 pl/hm2,which can improve the nutritional quality and antioxidant enzyme activity of the grain.