Breeding Of High Temperature Pleurotus Ostreatus Cultivars Suitable For Cultivation In Henan Province

Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most cultivated strains of edible fungi in the world with the highest annual yield.Henan Province is a large agricultural province and a large province for edible fungi cultivation.In particular,oyster mushrooms are most widely cultivated,and there are many strains of oyster mushrooms on the market.Most of them are mainly cultivated in autumn and winter.In this paper,27 medium and high temperature cultivated strains widely cultivated in China were introduced and systematically compared.The research results are as follows:(1)Using the antagonistic test and esterase isoenzyme electrophoresis method,the genetic relationship of 27 high-temperature Pleurotus ostreatus strains tested was identified.The results showed that the antagonistic test and esterase isozyme zymogram analysis results were consistent.Among the 27 strains tested,12 strains including P1,P6,P7,P8,P17,P18,P19,P20,P21,P22,P23 and P24 were not antagonistic to each other,and their esterase isozyme zymogram The characteristics are the same,and it can be considered that their kinship is similar and the same kind of synonyms.Three strains,P2,P15 and P16,and five strains,P3,P4,P5,P26 and P27,were also involved.Other strains,including P9,P10,P11,P12,P13,P14 and P25,were antagonistic to all strains,and the esterase isoenzymes were different and were independent strains.Therefore,the 27 strains tested were only 10 independent taxonomies.The same strained phenomenon of cultivated strains widely used in production is very serious.(2)Using the plate culture,wheat medium culture and cultivation experiment,the mycelial culture characteristics and mushroom characteristics of the 27 high-temperature strains of Pleurotus ostreatus were studied.The results showed that the mycelial growth rate and growth potential of different strains were observed.There is a significant difference between the mycelial culture characteristics and the mushrooming characteristics of the strains of the same species.The division of the nominal "high temperature type" and "medium temperature type" when introducing bacteria is not completely correct.According to the cultivation results,the temperature types of each strain were re-divided,among which P1,P2,P6,P7,P8,P10,P13,P14,P15,P16,P17,P18,P19,P20,P21,P22,P23 and P24.18 strains can be divided into high temperature strains;7 strains such as P3,P4,P5,P11,P12,P26 and P27 can be divided into medium and high temperature strains,and the culture characteristics of all strains are described in detail.(3)The activities of three extracellular enzymes of 19 cultivated strains in the tested strains were studied.The results showed that there was a weak positive correlation between amylase activity,hemicellulase activity and biological efficiency;laccase activity and There is a weak negative correlation between biological efficiencies.(4)A single-double,single-mono hybrid test was performed.By collecting the monosporic strains of the tested strains,single-mono hybridization and single-hybridization experiments were carried out,and the test method of antagonistic test and esterase isoenzyme was carried out with the parents,and the P3-6×P15-4 was obtained.Four independent hybrid strains,P3-9×P15-4,P3-10×P15-4 and P3-10×P15-6,provide breeding materials for breeding high temperature new varieties.