Effects Of Aerated Subsurface Drip Irrigation On Growth And Nutrient Accumulation Of Greenhouse Tomato

In view of the problems of decreasing oxygen content in soil and affecting the absorption of water and nutrient by root system,underground drip irrigation in traditional facilities agriculture production is faced with the demand of developing water saving and high efficiency agriculture to improve soil water and gas environment.In order to improve the soil water-gas environment and improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer,the balance of crop water,fertilizer,gas and heat can be realized,and the soil environment in the root region can be effectively controlled and the yield and quality of crops can be improved.In this experiment,greenhouse tomato was taken as the object of study.Through different water treatment conditions of subsurface drip irrigation,the effects of different water supply of aerated subsurface drip irrigation on growth,root activity,water use efficiency,soil enzyme activity,plant nutrient distribution,yield and quality indexes of greenhouse tomato were investigated.The experiment set two irrigation levels as KCP being 1.0 and 0.6.The two irrigation methods were aerated drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation?irrigated water without aeration treatment as a control?.By comparing and analyzing the effects of different irrigation amounts on the plant height,stem diameter,soil enzyme activity,root activity,water use efficiency,plant nutrient utilization,yield and quality,the following results were obtained:?1?The high stem diameter of greenhouse tomato has synergistic effect,and both grow synchronously with the prolongation of growth period.The growth rate in the early stage is fast,and the growth in the later stage is slow and gradually stabilizes.Aerated irrigation and different irrigation amount have significant effects on plant stem height after about 50¹00days after planting.About 50 days after planting,rhizosphere ventilation,timely and appropriate amount of supplementary irrigation water can promote plant growth.At 90 days after planting,The aeration and irrigation amount had significant effects on the root activity of each treatment,which indicated that the aerated subsurface drip irrigation and irrigation amount had an effect on the middle and late stages of tomato planting.?2?Catalase,urease and dehydrogenase increased first and then decreased during flowering and fruiting,first fruit expansion and fruit ripening.Variance analysis showed that aerated irrigation had significant effects on catalase,urease,and dehydrogenase activities during the three growth stages,and aerated irrigation could be used during the critical period of tomato growth and development.Properly increasing the amount of irrigation can also increase the enzyme activity.?3?In the flowering and fruiting period,the total nitrogen accumulation in different organs were as follows:leaf>root>stem,and the total potassium accumulation showed stem>leaf>root.Oxygenation and irrigation amount and interaction did not affect the total nitrogen and potassium of roots and leaves.Significantly,oxygenation had a significant effect on the total nitrogen of the stem;in the first fruit expansion period,the total nitrogen accumulation in different organs were as follows:leaf>stem>root,and the total potassium accumulation in different organs were as follows:stem>leaf>root,and oxygen added to the leaves.The effects of total nitrogen and potassium were significant.The total nitrogen and potassium of roots were not significant.The effect of oxygenation on total nitrogen in stems was significant.The interaction had significant effects on total potassium.At the ripening stage,total nitrogen and the total potassium accumulation of content in different organs were as follows:leaf>root>stem.The effects of oxygenation and irrigation amount and interaction on total nitrogen and potassium in roots and leaves were not significant.?4?The yield and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomato were significantly affected by irrigation water and drip irrigation.The yield per plant was the highest in OF1 treatment(Aeration,K_CP value 1.0),which was 3973.3g,OF2 treatment(Aeration,K_CP value 0.6)had the highest water use efficiency is 53.86kg·m^-3.The yield of greenhouse tomato could be increased by properly adding gas and increasing irrigation quantity,and the water use efficiency could be greatly influenced by irrigation water,and the water use efficiency could be improved by properly reducing irrigation water.Aerated irrigation,irrigation amount and the interaction of the two have significant effects on VC content,organic acid and soluble solids in tomato.For the ratio of sugar to acid,the interaction has no significant effect.The VC content of OF2 treatment was the highest,being 16.74mg/100g.Under the condition of K_CPP being 1.0 and 0.6,the aerated irrigation was 5.7%and 39%higher than that of ordinary underground drip irrigation.The highest organic acid content of OF1 was 0.13%,under the same irrigation level and the organic acid content of the subsurface drip irrigation is nearly 1times higher than that of ordinary underground drip irrigation;the aerated irrigation is 30%higher than the ordinary solid drip irrigation,and the ratio of sugar to acid is 30%and 25%higher.After the experiment,the aerated subsurface drip irrigation is conducive to the growth and development of greenhouse tomatoes and the accumulation of nutrients in various organs,especially in the flowering fruit setting period and the first fruit expansion period can properly promote the gas.This is of great significance for the development of water-efficient and efficient agriculture.