The Detection Of Five Diseases On Imported Akhal-teke Horses And The Impact Of Long Distance Transportation On Their Physiology,Biochemistry And Gut Microbiota

In recent years,horse disease has not only led to horse death,significant economic losses,and even is a threat to human health and public health.In order to meet the needs of the development of horse industry,China has gradually introduced horses from abroad to improve local varieties,the development of horse racing industry,equestrian sports and riding horse industry.Therefore,the import horse must carry out epidemic quarantine work,the entry will be affected by long-distance transport,at present,the stress study of Akhal-teke horses has not been reported.In addition,disease,stress and intestinal microbes are closely related.In this paper,the five epidemiological tests of imported Akhal-teke horses(25)were investigated,including AGID and competitive ELISA of equine infectious anaemia,indirect ELISA and RT-PCR of equine virus arteritis,indirect ELISA and 1/4 fluorescence PCR of equine herpes virus,PCR of equine piroplasmosis,agglutination in test tube of Salmonella abortus equi;On the 7~thh day and the 35~thh day after long-distance transportation to the destination,the physiological indexes were measured by collection of jugular vein blood.Serum was prepared for the determination of biochemical indexes and stress-related hormones,and compared with the untreated local Akhal-teke horses(15);using a high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene for 21 Akhal-teke horses.The results showed that the positive rate of equine virus arteritis antibody was 12%,the positive rate of equine herpes virus antibody was 100%,the antibody detections of equine infectious anaemia and Salmonella abortus equi were negative;equine herpes virus type 1/4,equine virus arteritis and equine piroplasmosis were negative;after transport 7~thh day and 35~thh day,the number and proportion of granulocytes(Gran)were significantly higher than those of untreated(P<0.05 and P<0.01),and the hematocrit(HCT),platelet count(PLT)were significantly higher than those in the latter(P<0.05),alkaline phosphatase(ALKP)was significantly and significantly higher than that in untreated(P<0.01 and P<0.05),blood glucose(GLU)was significantly and significantly lower than that of non-transporter(P<0.01 and P<0.05),after transport 7~thh day,UREA,insulin(INS),antidiuretic hormone(ADH),growth hormone(GH)significantly lower than that of non-transporter(P<0.05),total bilirubin(TBIL)and triiodothyronine(T3)significantly higher than that in untreated(P<0.05),to the 35~thh day gradually changing to no difference,the other measured indicators were no difference after transport compared with no transport;A total of 754,745 valid sequences,2572 OTUs,including 19 gates and 290 genera were obtained,?diversity analysis,Chao1,ACE,Simpson,Shannon and Coverage were not significantly different.More over,at the Comparison of the percentage of door levels,the imports of Fibrobacteres and Spirochaetae were significantly lower than those of local horses(P<0.05).The quarantine methods,physiological,biochemical and hormonal indicators after transport stress,intestinal microbial community structure and differences of imported Akhal-teke horses for the future management of imported horse to provide a reference.