Induction And Identification Of Polyploidy In Pinglu Lilium Brownii Var.Viridulum

In this study,bulbs,scales and callus were used as the materials for detoxification test-tube seedlings of P.pingii.The colchicine,trifluralin and pendimethine were used to induce the lily several times by the mixed culture method and the immersion method.The body was identified from the aspects of morphology,root cell chromosomes,leaf stomata,etc.,and the best method for polyploid induction of lily was screened out.At the same time,the differences in physiological metabolism between the obtained polyploids and diploid lily were compared.The result is as follows:1.The mixed bulbs and soaking methods were used to treat the bulbs,scales and callus of virus-free test-tube seedlings of collaterals with colchicine,tri:fluralin and pendimethine,and their morphological changes were preliminary.The polyploids were screened.The test results showed that the three reagents were best treated by the mixed culture method.Treatment with 0.1%colchicine had the best effect of mutation for 21 days,and the mutation rate was 36.66%.Treatment with pendimethine and trifluralin had the best effect with the concentration of 200μmol·L-1 for 21 days.The mutation rate was 33.33%respectively.,30%,and the corresponding mortality rate was only 3.33%.As for the mutagenesis rate,the mutagenic effects of the three mutagens were not significantly different.2.The morphological,cytological and chromosome identifications of the polyploid lily induced by colchicine,trifluralin and pendimethalin were performed respectively.Morphological identification results showed that:compared with diploid plants,The leaves of the ploidy plants grew darker,their thickness and width increased,their leaf lengths became shorter,and the leaves were distorted and dwarfed.The leaf sides were irregularly curled and shrunk,and the leaf shape index was significantly different.The results of stomatal identification showed that the leaf shape index,stomatal density and stomatal size of tetraploid plants were significantly different from those of diploid plants.The ploidy of the mutant plants was finally determined by chromosome counting of root tip cells.In the trial,trifluralin and pendimethalin-treated materials had low mortality,low cost,and little harm to humans and animals.Colchicines could be considered as mulitants for lily polyploidy.3.Some physiological and metabolic indicators were determined in this experiment.These indicators of tetraploid Lilium were increased compared with the diploid Lilium pingii Lil.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in leaves and bulbs were higher Diploid and higher leaf content than bulbs;antioxidant enzyme activity SOD,POD,CAT in tetraploid leaves and bulbs was higher than diploid,but MDA content was significantly lower than diploid,and also higher in leaves.Bulbs;tetraploid soluble protein content is also higher than diploid.The tetraploids obtained after the treatment of the three mutagens were compared and analyzed,and the overall index of tetraploid Pingluo lily induced by pendimethalin was optimal.In summary,the development of polyploid breeding of Pinglu Lilies not only improved the quality of Pinglu Lilium but also improved Lilium resistance,which is of great significance for the preservation of its germplasm.