| Vegetable Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium spp.pathogen seriously affects vegetable yield and quality in agricultural production.But there are few reports on the diversity and distribution characteristics of Fusarium in vegetable fields throughout the country.In this study,Fusarium was comprehensively studied by molecular biological techniques through comprehensive and extensive soil sample collection in the main vegetable growing areas in China.The purpose of this paper is to explore the diversity and distribution characteristics of Fusarium in vegetable fields in Chin a,and to provide theoretical basis for the diagnosis and control of Fusarium diseases in vegetables in China,and to lay a foundation for subsequent research on vegetable diseases.It provides materials for the diagnosis,identification,control,genetic diversity,secondary metabolites,ecological research and development of biocontrol agents of Fusarium.According to the dilution concentration of ×400,13 610 strains were isolated from 473 soil samples from 31 provincial administrative regions(except Taiwan Province and Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative regions).1689 strains of Fusarium oxysporum were identified by specific PCR with Fusarium spp.universal primers F1/F2,accounting for 12.4%of the total number of isolates,and then PCR amplification was carried out with the universal primer TEF1?F/TEF1?R of Fusarium sequencing,and the PCR products were purified and sequenced.The results can be classified into 29 species,some of which have not been identified as species.Through the statistical analysis of 1689 strains of Fusarium spp.sequencing,the isolation frequency of all kinds of Fusarium was obtained,of which 853 strains were F.oxysporum accounted for 50.50%of the isolated strains;228 strains of F.equiseti,accounted for 13.50%of the isolated strains;222 strains of F.solani,accounted for 13.14%of the isolated strains;183 strains of F.commune,was 10.83%;25 strains of F.fujikuroi,accounted for 1.49%of the isolated strains;2.0 strains of F.proliferatum,accounted for 1.18%of the isolated strains;15 strains of F.incarnatum accounted for 0.89%of the isolated strains;12 strains of F.delphinoides,accounted for 0.71%of the isolated strains;12 strains of F.lacertarum,accounted for 0.71%of the isola.ted strains;8 strains of F.verrticillioides accounted for 0.47%of the isolated strains;Seven strains of F.brachygibbosum,accounted for 0.41%of the isolated strans;F.redolens and F.concentricum were 5 strains,each accounting for 0.30%of the isolated strains;Four strains of F.tricinctum,accoun ted for 0.24%of the isolated strains.Three strains of F.dimerum,accounted for 0.18%of the isolated strains;F.acutatum,F.graminearum,F.keratoplasticum,F.nygamai and F.armeniacum were 2 strains,each accounting for 0.12%of the isolated strains;F.acuminatum,F.andiyazi,F.flocciferum,F.penzigii,F.pseudonygamai,F.sacchari,F.subglutinans,F.torulosum and F.virguliforme were all one strain,each accounting for 0.06%of the isolated strains;68 strains of Fusarium sp.accounted for 4.03%of the isolated strains.The isolation frequency of F.oxysporum was the highest(50.50%),which was more than half of the total number of isolates of Fusarium spp.,and the results showed that F.oxysporum was the dominant Fusarium in the main vegetable producing areas in China.Distribution characteristics:289 strains of Fusarium were screened in Hubei Province,of which F.oxysporum 127 strains accounted for 43.94%,which was the dominant Fusarium in Hubei Province.272 strains of Fusarium were screened in Hebei Province,of which 93 strains of F.oxysporum accounted for 34.19%,which was the dominant Fusarium in Hebei Province.A total of 226 strains of Fu.sarium were screened in Guizhou Province,of which F.oxysporum 141 strains accounted for 62.39%,which was the dominant Fusarium in Guizhou Province.The dominant Fusarium species in B.eijing was F.oxysporum.The dominant Fusarium species in Inner Mongolia is F.equiseti.The dominant Fusarium species in Shandong Province was F.oxysporum.The dominant Fusarium species in Henan Province was F.oxysporum.The isolated and purified Fusarium strains were cultured in confrontation with F.oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici strains.The results showed that there were 272 strains of Fusarium antagonistic to F.oxysporum f sp lycopersici strain,belonging to 14 species,some of which were not identified as species.Among them,159 strains were F.solai.52 strains were F.oxysporum.18 strains were F.equiseti.There were 4 strains of F.commune and 4 strains of F.tricinctum.Three strains of F.concentricum and three strains of F.fujikuroi were isolated.Two strains of F.dimerum and two strains of F.redolens were isolated.There were 1 strain of F.acuminatum,1 strain of F.proliferatum,1 strain of F.sacchari,1 strain of F.torulosum and 1 strain of F.verticillioides.20 strains were Fusarium spp.The safety of three potential biocontrol strains,F.equseti 2018-1402 and F.solani 2018-1420 were evaluated by bubble root method.Strain Fusarium spp,2.018-1473 had no pathogenic effect on cucumber seedlings and had little potential for pathogenic biocontrol of soybean seedlings.Results Fusarium spp.1 689 strains were obtained by pure culture combined with molecular identific.ation,which could be classified into 29 species,68 strains were not identified as species;A total of 272 strains of Fusarium spp.were antagonized against F.oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici strains,belonging to 14 species,and 20 strains were not identified as species.In this paper,the soil Fusarium spp.diversity and its distribution characteristics in the main vegetable producing areas of China were studied comprehensively.the vegetable soil Fusarium spp.was rich in species and widely distributed. |
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