Study On Protein Elicitor Hrip1-Induced Systemic Resistance To Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus In Tomato

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)plants belong to the Solanaceae family,genus Solanum.It is a model plant,popular vegetable and rich nutrients for consumption and economic income.The main tomato disease is a Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)and related viruses that is transmitted by whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci is a member of the family Geminiviridae,genus Begomovirus that affects on tomato yield up to 100% loss.Protein elicitors induced plant immunity against plant pathogens and promoted plant growth.Fungal protein elicitor Hrip1 derived from Alternaria tenuissma,hypersensitivity-induced protein.Hrip1 triggers a series of defense response including cell necrosis,accumulation of ROS,defense related gene and improves tomato resistance against TYLCV.In order to further study the function of Hrip1 protein elicitor was expressed protein in a broth culture medium and induced defense response and effects of Hrip1 in a tomato plant were investigated.In case of study is more benefited to the response against pathogen attack using the Hrip1 protein elicitor was expressed protein and purified from culture filtrated by a His-column chromatography.The details are as follows:The Hrip1 protein fraction was confirmed by SDS-PAGE gel and molecular weight 20 kDa.A bioactivity experiment showed that Hrip1 protein was agro-infiltrated in tomato leaf induces definitely hypersensitive response(HR)activities at 72 h using a concentration was 50?M.On the other hand to investigate the mechanism of Hrip1 induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)was detected as dark-brown deposits at 24 h in leaf tissues that are a response to plant pathogenic defense and gene expression level are represented as fold changes in relation to the control,the results in the up-regulation of tomato defense-related gene.Treatment of Hrip1 elicitor-induced a progressive and significant increase of enzymes in site treated tissues.The Hrip1 could induce tomato resistance against TYLCV;the tomato was treated with Hrip1 protein at a concentration of 50?M.After 72 h,the spores of Agrobacterium tumefaciens were inoculation into stem.The results showed that Hrip1 could induce the resistance of tomato to TYLCV.To investigate the mechanism of Hrip1 induced disease resistance in tomato,the content of Hrip1-treated tomato plants was measured at interval time points.The quantitative analysis of TYLCV gene expression was performed a real-time qPCR showed there reduced in TYLCV concentration after post-inoculation was compared Hrip1 treatment with buffer as control.In the Hrip1-treated tomato plants reduced the severity of the disease to 60.07% was correlated with bacterial development suppression to 74.60% in duration of TYLCV infection into the tomato plant.In conclusion,Hrip1 is a bio-pesticide agent in a good choice to reduce amount of chemical pesticides application for environment-friendly,healthy plants,human health and development of sustainable agriculture for a healthy planet.However,the Hrip1 may become a vital tool candidate in a plant protection program to the ecological biotic and abiotic stress condition.