Effectiveness Evaluation Of The Water Resources Unified Management Of Tarim River Basin In Xinjiang

To realize the rational utilization and optimal configuration of water resources has always been the primary objective of watershed management,also the most important ways to solve the ecological problems which is resulting from water shortage(water contradictions)of the basin.Since the implementation of integrated management in Tarim River Basin,there is the focus of attention whether the utilization level of water resources and ecological water security degree is obviously improved or not.In order to make a scientific evaluation,this article based on four aspects: guarantee degree of ecological water use,drainage water,irrigation water change,origin area water balance analysis,is showing the influence on water resources management level,about the Tarim River after implementation of unified management of river basin.The conclusion is as follows:(1)The growth rate of ecological water quantity of Aksu River basin,Yarkant River basin,Hotan River basin is 26.2%,21.9% and 21.9% respectively after implementation of integrated management.In the source areas after the implementation of integrated management the amount of actual ecological water is much more than the amount of planning.Irrigated areas rapidly expand in the mainstream area,which leads to that the rate of actual ecological water scarcity is 13.3% comparing with the water amount of planning.However,if the branch area refunded ecological water which was used for irrigation since 2005,ecological water quantity could basically meet the requirements of this area.(2)Before the implementation of unified management,Aksu River Basin,Yarkant River Basin,Hotan River Basin,the amount of actual drainage water accounts for 87.9%,18.8% and 67.0%.After the implementation of unified management,the rate increases to 89.6%,49.7% and 89.6% respectively.According to the general analysis on three origin streams of Tarim River,the released water amount percentage completed of the expectation amount has increased by 2.4%,from 76.5% to 78.9%.(3)After comprehensive management and unification of watershed implementation,the annual average irrigation water consumption decreased by 2.2% and 6.9% respectively.And general net irrigation of watershed increased by 24.5% more than in 2005 after the implementation of unified management in 2013.The mount of net irrigation water and irrigation water ratio which can embody the utilization and efficiency of resource,increase by 41.3%.The management efficiency and agricultural water utilization are remarkably enhance.(4)The influence of human activities on the source areas of water resources tend to reduce gradually in 1994~2001,2002~2010,2011~2013 and the phenomena of water resources over-exploitation are decreased.After the integrated implementation and management,the anomaly of variation coefficient in the mainstream water,changes from-4.67 to 0.33.The average of anomaly difference in source areas and mainstream water changes from-19.6% to-4.9%,and the before upward curve of cumulative anomaly difference turns to decline.Besides,the volatility of sources area water and mainstream water abate which means that coordination is much better.All in all,the capacity of scheduling,control and management in the Tarim River runoff are enhanced significantly and achievement of integrated management greatly is remarkable.