Research And Application Of The Technology Of "Breeding Three Times Within Two Years" For Shanbei White Cashmere Goat

Since the implementation of the policy of "Closing the mountain and banning the pasture",Shanbei white cashmere goat which is the main goat breeds in Northern Shaanxi has been converted from the grazing culture mode to the barren feeding mode.With the development of feeding and breeding,the cost of breeding is also increased,which puts forward higher requirements for the efficiency and productivity of culture in order to meet the new industrial environment and economic benefits.The intensive system of " breeding three times within two years " is very suitable for the breeding system of shanbei white cashmere goat.In this study,the reproductive efficiency of the goats and the fattening effect of weaning lambs in the " breeding three times within two years " breeding system were explored in order to standardize the reproduction system of " breeding three times within two years " in shanbei white cashmere goat and to guide the production practice.In this experiment,125 goats were divided into 2 groups,and they were propagated for three times.A total of four experiments were carried out,including the effects of nutrition on the goats in the late pregnancy,the effect of the season on the breeding effect of the goats,the production effect of " breeding three times within two years ",and the fattening test of the 60 day old weanling lambs.1.We divided 1-1 groups of ewes into 3 nutritional groups(nutritional level 100%,110%,120%),and explored the effect of nutrition level on the reproductive performance of ewe in the second stage of pregnancy.Considering the late production of ewe body condition,production efficiency,the cost of feeding and growth aspects of the lamb,the 110% nutrition level is more suitable for the diet of pregnant goat.2.The nutritional level of 110% as the basic diet,the 1-2 and 2-2 groups of goats were in winter and summer and the production effect test.The results showed that except for the lambing rate,the season had little effect on the reproductive performance of the goat,the shanbei white cashmere goat had the performance of reproduction throughout the year and had good results.3.The three breeding conditions of the two groups of goats within two years were counted.The results showed that under the conditions of regulation and management of the experiment,the “breeding three times within two years” production of Shanbei white cashmere goat can be completed within 23 months and maintained a high efficiency productivity.The overall breeding results for the two groups of goats are as follows:(1)goat’s estrus rate: 87.13%;(2)The goat’s first estrus conception rate: 71.70% ~100%;(3)Double period pregnancy rate > 90%;(4)Lambing rate: 128.36%;(5)The lamb birth weight: 2.91±0.70kg;(6)60 day old weaning weight of lamb: 11.92±2.12kg;(7)The survival rate of lamb weaned at 60 days of age: 91.53%.There were 118 ewes in the trial,417 lambs were born in two years,and 382 were weaned and survived,equivalent to 3.53 litters per ewes for two years and 3.14 lambs weaned.It can be referred to as the "233" model,which means that "a female goat produce at least three lambs in three births in two years." Compared with farmers’ free-range farming and general aquaculture,the "233" model has a relatively high productivity.However,if we can do a better job in the selection of ewes,production cycle arrangements,management conditions,and introduction of new technologies,then the "235" model is very likely to be realized.4.The effects of weaning age(90d,75 d,and 60d)and nutrition level(85%,100%,115%,and 130%)on the growth performance,slaughter performance,viscera index and economic benefits of lambs were studied with 1-2 lambs produced by goats.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The weaning age had no effect on the growth performance and slaughter performance of lambs,but 60 d weaning could significantly improve the rumen and intestinal index of lambs.(2)The increase of nutritional level can promote the daily gain and slaughter rate of lambs.The average daily weight gain of lambs can reach 126.92g/d,but below 100% nutrition level will significantly reduce the GR value of lambs.Considering several aspects of daily gain,material weight ratio,feed cost per kg weight gain and weaning time,this experiment considered 60 d weaning,using 115% nutrition level to fattening and lamb 6 month old to produce the best price ratio.