| Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree originating in South C hina.Alternate bearing of litchi cultivation is a prominent problem that affects the sustained and healthy development of litchi industry.Guiwei' and Nuomici'litchi were used as samples in this experiment,which were severely affected by alternate bearing.In order to find a new way to solve the problem of alternate bearing in litchi production,we compared the model of cultivation management,the effect of yield and fruit quality,and the change of nutrient in leaves between non-bearing tree and bearing tree in this experiment.The main results were as follows:1.The different models of management were taken for non-bearing tree and bearing tree in alternate bearing technology.Compar ing with the conventional bearing practice,the yield of alternate bearing technology tree was significantly increased,but the production cost was about the same.According to our suyway,the yield of alternate bearing technology and conventional tree was 317.5kg/667 ? and 192 kg/667 ?respectively,and the production cost was 1330.12 RMB/667 ? and 1015.56 RMB /667? respectively.2.The tree height was remarkably dwarf for non-bearing trees were after winter pruning.The height of Guiwei' and Nuomici' trees were reduced respectively 37.34% and 36.25%,and their crown diameter were reduced 16.75% and 16.16%,respectively.For non-bearing tree,there should be four shoots cycles during non-bearing period: autumn flush-August to October,and the next year,spring flush-February to April,summer flush-May to July,autumn flush-August to October.Moreover,the number of Nuomici' bearing shoots were more than Guiwei',and the annual growth of shoot of Nuomici' was also greater than Guiwei'.3.The content of soluble sugar in the leaves of litchi remained the range of 51mg/g-64mg/g in non-bearing trees of Guiwei' from May to September,which were significantly lower than the range of 71 mg/g-96mg/g in bearing trees of Guiwei'.However,in N uomici',the content of soluble sugar of non-bearing trees was significantly higher than bearing tree on May 16 th,but from June to October,it remained the range of 54mg/g-73mg/g both in non-bearing tree and bearing tree.After October,the content of soluble sugar in leaves of Guiwei' and Nuomici' increased rapidly.Besides,the rising speed of content of soluble sugar in non-bearing tree was higher than bearing tree.In the aspect of content of starch in the leaves,both Guiwei' and N uomici' had the range of 23 mg/g-40 mg/g from May to October,and had no differences between non-bearing tree and bearing tree.Then,the content of starch of non-bearing tree increased more rapidly and significantly higher than bearing tree after October.4.The contents of N,P,K in leaves of non-bearing tree were higher than those in bearing tree,contrarily,the contents of Mg,Zn,B in leaves of non-bearing tree were lower than bearing tree.The content of Ca of in leaves of non-bearing tree was higher than bearing tree before July,but it was the opposite after July.In addition,the content of Ca of bearing tree of Guiwei' was significantly higher than that of bearing tree of Nuomici'.5.The accumulation rate of prehavest drop and cracking in Guiwei' litchi were 25% and 0.86% respectively,which were significantly lower than those in Nuomici' litchi,and they were 60% and 24.47% respectively.However,there was nodifferencein average yield per tree between them,whichwere 78.1kg and 75.5kg for Guiwei' and Nuomici' litchi respectively.As for fruit quality,the weight of single fruit and the content of total soluble solid in fruit of N uomici' were significantly higher than that of Guiwei'.Particularly in the fruit size,the weight of single fruit of Guiwei' and Nuomici' averagely reached 19.92 g and 23.55 g respectively.Moreover,the proportion of weight of single fruit was over 19 g in Guiwei' was only 24.05%,and the proportion of weight of single fruit was over 22 g in Nuomici' was more than 80.45%. |
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