Effects Of Burying Vicia Villosa Rothvar And Chemical Fertilizer Reduction On Maize Growth、Yield、Quality And Soil Fertility

This thesis is built on the field experiment on the precondition that vicia villosa of15000kg/hm~2 are buryed in advance on the seperate four blocks of the experimented-field under the correspondent pre-set fertilizer-applied conditions,concerning that the unitary nitrogenous fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer,potash fertilizer or the mixed of the three is independently less utilized,due to the substitutive vicia villosa,compared with the routine utilization amount applied to the local corns growing around Zhijin County,Guizhou Province.In this experiment the subjet article of the corn,Zhengdan 958,is cultivated on the experimented-field and the reduction of fertilization is implemented by 6 procedures in each of the four blocks.During April to October of the year 2017,the experimental data of the corns,consisting of the growth situation,the crop yield,the crop quality and the variation of soil fertility,is consistently observed and recorded under the correspondent pre-set fertilizer-reduced conditions.Several conclusions are resulted in after statistical analysis toward the data collected from the observed corns:1.The growth of the observed corns is generally and remarkably accelerated when the ploughed-out vicia villosa as well as the reduced fertilizer is utilized simultaneously,reflected on several index of growth,like plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index,root system, chlorophyll content,Mass of dry matter of overground part,etc,compared to the reference group under the routine fertilization.The ideal amount of fertilizer reduction to accelerate the corn’s growth shall be 15%-45%regarding of nitrogenous fertilizer,15%-30%of phosphate fertilizer or 15%-30%of potash fertilizer,concluded on the comprehensive comparison of a bunch of grow index concern of the corn grow circle.2.The crop yield of the observed corns is generally enhanced when the ploughed-out vicia villosa as well as the reduced fertilizer is utilized simultaneously,while the agronomic characters ameliorated,reflected on the positive-correlated index of the dry matter of overground part.The ideal amount of fertilizer reduction to incease the corn’s yield shall be15%-45%regarding of nitrogenous fertilizer,15%-30%of phosphate fertilizer or 15%-30%of potash fertilizer,concluded on the comprehensive comparison of a bunch of yield index such as ear length,spike width,number of spikes,Alopecia alopecia,1000 grain weight.3.The crop quality of the observed corns is generally improved when the ploughed-out vicia villosa as well as the reduced fertilizer is utilized simultaneously,reflected on nutritional ingredient index like reducing sugar,starch,fat and crude protein.The ideal amount of fertilizer reduction to improve the corn’s quality shall be 15%regarding of nitrogenous fertilizer,of phosphate fertilizer,of potash fertilizer or of the blended three,concluded on the comprehensive comparison of a bunch of quality index.4.The content of organic matter in soil where grow the observed corns is generally enriched when the ploughed-out vicia villosa as well as the reduced fertilizer is utilized simultaneously,while theSoil bulk density redueced.For instance,the content of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen in soil in the experimented-filed is enriched with 15%-30%of reduction of nitrogenous fertilizer.The effective phosphorus content in soil is enriched with15%-30%of reduction of phosphate fertilizer.The content of available potassium is enriched with 15%-30%of reduction of potash fertilizer.And the content of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,effective phosphate and available potassium can be simultaneously enriched while the 15%of reduction of the blended fertilizer of the three.Considering the growth,yield,quality,soil fertility and agricultural cost of maize,it is recommended to reduce the application of nitrogen fertilizer by 30%,phosphate fertilizer by15%-30%,potassium fertilizer by 15%-30%.