| In recent years,a large number of fertilizers have resulted in a decline in vegetable yield,quality and series of soil problems.Microbial agents and water-soluble fertilizer have played a positive role in solving these problems.In this study,the field plot experiment was used to study the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction,water soluble fertilizer and microbial inoculants on the yield,quality,economic benefit and agricultural efficiency of cauliflower and eggplant,as well as the effects on the soil chemical indexes and biological indexes.On the basis of reducing fertilizer application,amino acid nitrogen was used to replace part of chemical fertilizer nitrogen.A rational fertilization scheme is applied.Finding out effects of amino acid on the growth and solubilizing phosphorus of Bacillus megaterium in the laboratory,preliminarily exploring the superior performance of the combined application.The main findings were as follows:(1)The effects of microbial agents on the growth of two kinds of vegetables and their soil indexes were studied under the condition of application and non application of microbial agents.The results showed that the effects of microbial agents on the yield of cauliflower and eggplant,some soil chemical indexes and biological indexes were outstanding.Compared with the control treatment,when the 75L/hm~2microbial agents was applied,the yield of cauliflower increased by 25.83%,and the soil available P contents and enzyme activities increased by 32.89%and 66.23%~70.80%respectively.When the150L/hm~2,75L/hm~2microbial agents were applied,the yield of high dose microbial agents increased by 11.72%,while the yield of low dose microbial agents did not increase significantly.The soil available P contents and enzyme activities increased by23.05%~36.07%and 35.27%~50.77%respectively.(2)Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer combined with water-soluble fertilizer and microbial agents on growth of cauliflower,soil chemistry and biological indexes.The results showed that the effect of AM fertilization mode on each index was outstanding.Compared with conventional fertilization F,the yield of the AM treatment was increased by 11.05%.The content of available potassium in soil increased by 24.92%,and nitrate nitrogen decreased by30.61%~66.17%.Amino-acid nitrogen substitutes for partial fertilizer nitrogen to reduce the leaching risk.The activities of soil alkaline phosphatase and invertase were increased by 18.07%and 125.22%respectively.The diversity index also increased by 8.27%and72.42%.The Pseudomonas was the dominant fungi of the treatment of AM,while the Oceanimonas was the dominant fungi of the treatment of F.Therefore,the AM fertilization mode has achieved a reduction in investment and synergy on the facilities,and its application is feasible.(3)Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer combined with water-soluble fertilizer and microbial agents on growth of eggpant,soil chemistry and biological indexes.The results showed that the effect of AM1fertilization mode on each index was outstanding.Compared with conventional fertilization F,the yield and quality of eggplant of the AM1 treatment were increased by21.34%,42.31%respectively,and the economic benefit was higher than F by 20117.32yuan/hm~2.The nitrate nitrogen decreased by 42.37%~63.77%.The diversity index also increased by 3.93%and 2.39%.The structure of the bacteria group was greatly different from the F treatment.Although the AM2 fertilization mode has excellent performance on some indexes,the economic benefit is far lower than that of AM1.Therefore,it is feasible to recommend the application of AM1 fertilization mode on the plant eggplant.(4)Finding out effects of amino acid on the growth and solubilizing Phosphorus of Bacillus Megaterium in the laboratory,preliminarily exploring the superior performance of the combined application.The results showed that the amino acid solution of 2g/L,5g/L,10g/L could promote the growth of Bacillus megaterium.The growth of Bacillus megaterium was increased by 44.44%,54.74%compared the CK.Further analysis showed that the treatments of 2g/L and 5g/L had a better effect on solubilizing inorganic phosphorus,and the contents of water-soluble phosphorus increased 18.87%~31.27%,which was significantly higher than that of other treatments.The results showed that amino acids could promote the growth of Bacillus megaterium and its phosphorus releasing function.To sum up,the yield,quality of cauliflower and eggplant and biochemical properties were prominent by reducing fertilizer combined with microbial agents and water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids,preliminarily exploring the superior performance of the combined application through laboratory experiments.Therefore,the combined application on vegetables is feasible. |
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