Effects Of Different Cultivation Measures On Soil Erosion Of Sloping Farmland

Southern China has rich heat and water resources,which has more modernized agriculture than nearby provinces.However,the major problem of agricultural production in South China is the continuous decline of soil fertility,the main reason is soil erosion.Soil erosion and soil deposition are natural phenomena.However the soil erosion caused by human cultivation has become more and more serious,which has affected the sustainable development of this region.Shanxi,Hebei and other places have carried out soil and water conservation research and achieved some success,Guangdong Province is one of the areas which have frequent heavy rain,a large number of nutrients and organic matter lost with the surface soft soil.In Guangdong,the following article focus on avoiding soil erosion and enhancing soil fertility through a series of conservation tillage measures.In this paper,the effects of conservation tillage on soil and water conservation,especially the control of soil erosion and soil mechanical composition were explored by different tillage treatments.To explore the effects of conservation tillage on soil and water conservation,soil erosion and soil mechanical composition.Through artificial rainfall runoff area with micro simulation and field test,the runoff and sediment with straw mulching,no tillage,ridging,transverse slope and ridge tillage,the result showed that the soil erosion and rainfall duration had no significant correlation with rainfall duration,only with the topsoil treatment has a significant correlation.Under the condition of heavy rain,the soil erosion in the ridge of the slope is fierce,while the straw mulching and no tillage can reduce erosion effect,which can reduce the sediment yield by97.3%and 93.6%under the same conditions.Ramp-slope ridge can prevent soil erosion effectively in the early stages of rainfall,but it will still cause soil erosion after long high-intensity rainfall after the destruction of the ridge.Compared the soil and water conservation effect of straw,horizontal ridge,subsoiling on the farmland,the results showed that straw mulching could reduce the runoff time and had the lowest sediment yield,which has best effect to prevent soil erosion;The subsoiling broke the plow bottom,accelerated the infiltration of soil moisture,and produced the lowest flow.But in the process of subsoiling,the surface soil was disturbed by tractors,and the roller rolling caused irregular accumulation of surface soil,resulting in high sediment yield.The soil and climate model similar to the project area are established by using the WEPP water erosion prediction model(slope version).The simulation results showed,under the circumstances of spring maize with sloping 3°land in the traditional way,the average rainfall is 1069.1mm and the average runoff is 269.9mm.The average soil loss is5.107ton/m~2 and sediment yield is 41.17ton/ha.This approach has reached a strong erosion degree.The slope map describe the spatial distribution of the erosion,there are larger erosion at the top of the slope and the bottom,while the bottom of the soil is also the area of soil deposition.This paper can provide a reference for alleviating soil and water loss of slope farmland.