Effect Of Water And Fertilizer Supply And Light On The Growth And Development Of Potato Minituber

The potato as a vegetative propagation crop is easy to be infected by the virus after cultivating several years,which lead to lower yield and lower quality.The use of virus-free seed potatoes can fundamentally inhibit the occurrence and spread of viral diseases.Minitubers are an important part of the virus-free seed-breeding system.Therefore,it is crucial to increase the production of minitubers and reduce production costs.In this experiment,potato "Favorita" virus-free seedlings were used as experimental materials to study the effects of different irrigation schedulings,different levels of N,P,K,photoperiod and light formulations on the basic characteristics of virus-free seedlings growth,water consumption,photosynthetic index,yield and quality,etc.The results were as follows:1.Under different irrigation volumes,the growth index,water consumption,and yield of minituber increased with the increase of irrigation volume,while the yield and number of tubers distributed between 5-30 g and the water use efficiency of W3 treatment were highest.The starch and soluble sugar content of W3 treatment were higher and the reducing sugar content was lower.Therefore,W3 treatment with the irrigation volume of 550 mL was conducive to the growth,yield,quality and water use efficiency of minituber.2.Under different irrigation frequencies,the irrigation frequency had little effect on the growth of minitubers.The yield,tuber number and water use efficiency of F3 treatment were highest.The starch content increased with the increase of irrigation frequency.Increasing the frequency of irrigation was beneficial to the accumulation of starch content.In this experiment,F3 treatment with the irrigation frequency of 1 time/3 days was conducive to the yield and water use efficiency of minituber.3.Under different nitrogen levels,the growth index,yield,number of tubers and starch content of minitubers increased with the nitrogen levels increasing but changed in parabola form,and N3 treatment was superior to other treatments.The tuber nitrogen accumulation and total nitrogen accumulation of N3 treatment were higher.Therefore,N3 treatment with nitrogen level of 210 mg/L was beneficial to the growth,yield and quality of minituber.4.Under different potassium levels,the potassium level had little effect on the growth index of minitubers.The photosynthetic indicators such as net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of K3 treatment were better than those of other treatments,and the yield and starch content of K3 treatment were the highest.Therefore,K3 treatment with potassium level of 450 mg/L was beneficial to the growth,photosynthesis,yield and quality of minituber.5.Under different phosphorus levels,the growth index and net photosynthetic rate of P4 treatment were better than those of other treatments.The stomatal conductance of P3 treatment was the highest,and the yield and number of tubers of P2,P3,and P4 treatment were larger.Considering comprehensively,when the phosphorus level was at 20-80 mg/L,it was beneficial to the growth,photosynthesis,yield and quality of minituber.6.Under different photoperiod conditions,short photoperiod leaded to spindling stems,and seedlings with long photoperiod grew better.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance of C2 treatment were the highest.The yield of C3 treatment was the highest,but it was easy to get large potatoes,resulting in single potato weight of C3 treatment was the largest.The dry matter content and starch content of C2 treatment were the highest and the reducing sugar content was the lowest.Considering comprehensively,when the photoperiod was at 12~16 hours we can obtain high yield and good quality.7.Under different light formulations,the seedlings of R treatment were severely spindling,and the stem diameters of R/B were significantly higher than W treatment.The leaf area of R1B1 treatment was the largest.Photosynthetic indicators such as net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of R1B 1 treatment were the highest.The yield,tuber number,starch and soluble total sugar content of R1B1 treatment were the highest,and the reducing sugar content was the lowest.Therefore,R1B1 treatment was beneficial to the growth,yield and quality of minituber.