Maize Drip Irrigation Water And Fertilizer Use Efficiency In Dry Areas Of Ningxia Tongxin

Aimed at the bottleneck of drought,water shortage,strong evaporation and irrigation water use inefficiency in Ningxia Tongxin dry areass,a comparative test was conducted at the National dryly agricultural water-saving science and technology demonstration park in Wangtuan Town of Tongxin County in Ningxia,research the effects of different irrigation methods and mulching methods on water use efficiency of Maize.By setting shallow-embedded drip irrigation under film(UF),shallow-embedded drip irrigation film-side(FS),shallow-embedded drip irrigation no film(NF),outdoor drip irrigation(CK)four kinds of contrast test planting double row by plastic-film maize,observe the effect of each treatment on the growth and yield of maize.And continue to test on the basis of this research,to study the effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on the growth and development of maize under shallow drip irrigation on the membrane side.Set four irrigation levels of S 1(160 m3/667m2),S2(190 m3/667m2),S3(220 m3/667m2),S4(250 m3/667m2)and four fertilization levels of F1(N-P2O5-K2O:60-30-30 kg/hm2),F2,F3,F4,and one high-water,no-fat control group,S4F0(CK),To study the effects of different water and fertilizer ratios on the growth and development of maize and its water and fertilizer use efficiency.The paper draws the following main conclusions:(1)Membrane treatment increases the average soil temperature at 15 cm depth by 2.4 ℃compared to that without membrane treatment.The most obvious period of time difference of air temperature occurred between 14:00-16:00 and the maximum temperature difference was 2.7 ℃.Temperature had the most significant effect on seedling stage;the emergence rate of UF was 1.9%,5.1%,and 5.3%higher than those of FS,NF,and CK,respectively;the growth period of FS was shorter than UF,NF,and CK by 2 days,4 days,and 5 days,respectively;FS>UF>NF>CK,the highest FS(1.21 t/hm2)was 12.9%higher than CK(1.06 t/hm2);FS treatment(shallow-embedded drip irrigation film-side)is the most suiTablele Ningxia concentric maize water-saving irrigation methods;(2)Under high water and fertilizer conditions,Maize roots grow stronger in shallow soil(20-40 cm),Compared with S4,maize roots treated with irrigation levels S2 and S3 were more developed in the 40-60 cm soil layer.In the dry areass,The part of maize roots with strong water absorption in the drip-irrigation of membranes is mainly distributed in the soil depth of 20-60 cm,the depth of irrigation moisture can be maintained within about 80 cm of soil depth;(3)The maize yield under low fertilizer levels(N-P2O5-K2O:60-30-30 Kg/hm2)is extremely low,the maximum output is only 8.85 t/hm2(S4F1),and it is not suiTablele for application in dry areass maize cultivation.At mid-high fertility levels(N-P2O5-K2O= 180-90-90 Kg/hm2),it is unreasonable to continue to increase the amount of irrigation to increase maize yield.High water treatment S4 and medium-high fertilizer treatment F3 are the best ratios for maize cultivation under drip irrigation and dry film.(4)The highest irrigation water use efficiency was S1F4 treatment(3.65 kg/m3),but its corn grain yield was only 9.08 t/hm2,which was about 18.6%(2.08 t/hm2)less than the highest yield treatment S4F4(11.16 t/hm2).The maximum yield of S4F4 treated with irrigation water was only 2.56 kg/m3,which was only 70%of S1F4 treatment;Simply pursuing high yield while neglecting irrigation water use efficiency,Or simply pursuing the high irrigation water use efficiency and sacrificing yield cannot meet the requirements of drip irrigation maize modernized water-saving irrigation in dry areass.