Study On Standard Operating Procedure And Chemical Analysis Of Introduced Aquilaria Crassna In Guangdong Province

Agarwood is a kind of wood with resin from a variety of Aquilaria Lam.species.Wild agarwood is increasingly scarce,so it is mostly cultivated and induced to produce resin now.It has some special aromatic substances that can act on the central nervous system to relief people.So,it is widely used in medicine and can also be used as a valuable spice.The agarwood is a product of time and chemistry,and the high-quality agarwood is a precipitation that takes time.It is called “Qi Nan” and is the top grade of people's“assiduousness”.Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg is the only species specified in the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Mainly distributed in the southern region of our country,it is difficult to form resin in natural state,and firing or drilling holes are generally used to induce resin.However,Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte is a widely introduced specie in recent years,and is well known for its property of secreting resin more easily.A.crassna is mainly distributed in the wild place of Laos,Thailand,Burma,Vietnam,Kampuchea and etc.As the demand of agilawood increasing,A.crassna quickly occupied the market with its high-quality resin.Therefore,after the late 1990 s,southern China's southern coastal regions introduced and developed large-scale agarwood and formed a large-scale planting base.Currently in China's Guangdong,Fujian,Zhejiang provice and other coastal areas introduced more than 10,000 acres of area.However,in this process,a series of problems gradually rose to the surface,such as confusion of species,chaos in managing variable quality of seedlings and resin.In order to effectively control the quantity and quality of its resin,to explore the material basis for efficacy,and lay the foundation for its promoting in the domestic market,it is essential to study the key technologies during the planting process,and establish a set of Standard Operation Procedure(SOP)and quality standards suitable for A.crassna.Objectives:The growth characteristics and the biological characteristics of the introduced A.crassna in Guangdong Province were studied.Planting techniques were sorted and summarized to form a standard Operation Procedure(SOP).The existing A.crassna seedlings from the base were used as the object.A number of indexes of the seedlings were measured and statistically analyzed to determine the reference standard for seedling quality classification.Through modern chemical analysis methods,a preliminary study of the chemical composition of Aquilaria sinensis was conducted,compared with the composition of the active ingredients of Aquilaria sinensis,and its medicinal material basis wasexplored.Methods:1.Referring a large number of foreign document papers and related data,summarize previous research results and existing problems,and propose the research content and objectives of this paper for the lack of research and weak links in the plant management of Agarwood.2.Observing the growth performance and phenophase of A.crassna,and use the characters,microscopic identification and thin layer chromatography(TLC)to identify plants and balsam.3.Investigating field and interviewing on the planting bases to understand the key technologies in planting and form the text.The principal component analysis method was used to classify the quality and grade of seedlings.4.Referencing to Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015)and related documents,the chemical constituents of 13 batches of agaric balsamics collected extracted by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.Results:1.In 2016,the growing of the A.crassna in Shantou was recorded(month.Day).Blooming period(5.10-6.10).The fruit period(6.20-9.15),and the fruit ripening period(8.10-8.20).The number of floret per flower in the inflorescence is 4-7,with 1 bracts on the total pedicel.Pedicel of floret is 8-9.6mm.The capsule is round and short.In micro structure,the palisade tissue of the leaf is between 55 to 82 ? m,CaC2O4 crystal is embedded in it sometimes.The stem powder contains only unicellular non-glandular hairs,with triangular and circular fibrous holes on the fiber.2.The Standard Operation Procedure(SOP)of planting was formed.Seedling grading results: The four-months seedlings: H?12.83 cm,D?0.26cm;?: 12.83cm?H?11.22 cm,0.26 cm ?D?0.21cm;?: H?11.22 cm,D?0.21 cm.The annual seedlings: I: H ?71.45 cm,D?1.06cm;?: 71.45cm?H?61.73 cm,1.06cm?D?0.81cm;H?61.73 cm,D?0.81 cm.3.The total ash content : 1.30%-4.54%.The acid insoluble ash content :0.14%-1.16%;Alcohol soluble extract content ranged from 3.31% to 10.36%;Ether soluble extract content ranged from 0.95% to 3.40%;Agarotetrol content in the range 0.20%-3.71%.The HPLC fingerprints of 13 batches of agarwood from A.crassna was established.Acquired the Total ion flow chromatogram of GC-MS of 13 batches of agarwood from A.crassna.43 constituents were identified,the majority of them are sesquiterpenes.Conclusions:1.The phenological period,growth period and traits,microscopic characteristics,andTLC characteristics of the balsamensis plants summarized in this article can be conveniently used to distinguish A.crassna from other species of Aquilaria Lam.2.The production of agarwood is a complex process.Planting is one of the key technologies.The effective planting techniques are summarized into A.crassna standardized planting SOP,which can provide a unified standardized management of the source of agarwood.The grading standard for annual A.crassna can provide some references for the specialization,scale,and standardized production and exploitation of A.crassna.Annual grade I seedlings can generally be used for planting.3.The content of the chemical composition in A.crassna has instability.In A.crassna,the sesquiterpenes content were more accumulated than the chromones.