Study On Seed Morphology And Seedling Growth And The Color Of Leaf Performance Of Colorful Leaf Plant Acer Tutcheri

Colorful leaf plant is an important element in landscape planting design.In order to create the characteristic plant landscape,enrich the diversity of plant landscape,and improve the quality of plant landscape,we should exploiting native colorful leaf plant.It had important scientific significance.Acer tutcheri was one of the native colorful leaf plants in the south of China,it was distributed in mountainous areas above 300 meters above sea level naturally.Because of its red new leaf,and colorful leaf in autumn and winter,its characteristics of the seasonal facies were obvious.So it was suitable for solitary planting of courtyards,the landscaping of the forest and road greening.As a native plant of southern China,it was not exploited by human,so we could found few in planting design yet.Therefore,it is urgent to develop the cultivation of germplasm resources.In this paper,the plant of different provenances in the main distribution area of Acer tutcheri in Guangdong were studied.We did ANOVA analysis and correlation of seed morphology,seedling growth and the pigment of leaf.To understand the morphological characteristics of seed,the growth performance of seedlings,and the dynamic change of the pigment content of the leaves of different provenances of Acer tutcheri.It could provide theoretical support and reference for further screening of Acer tutcheri germplasm resources of Guangdong,and planting applications in southern China.The main results of this study were as follows:(1)There was significant correlation in seed morphological of different provenances of Acer tutcheri.The provenance of HSD in Zhaoqing had the thickest and the widest seeds,the provenance of QNS in Shenzhen had the thinnest and the narrowest seeds,and its length of seed was the smallest.The provenance of NKS in Huizhou had the biggest length,and the1000-seed weight and germination rate was bigger than others.In different families of Acer tutcheri,the family of QNS6 had the thickest seeds,the seed length of QNS10 family was the biggest.The family of QNS2 had the widest seeds which were about three times wider than QNS13 family.The family of HSD9 had the biggest length of samara,the germination rate ofNKS15 was the biggest than others.The samara thickest,length and width,and samara length were showed positive correlation.The samara length were showed significant positive correlation(P < 0.05)with annual high temperature,meanwhile showed significant negative correlation(P < 0.05)with longitude and annual temperature of provenance.The germination rate and 1000-seed weight of Acer tutcheri were showed significant positive correlation(P <0.05).(2)The basal diameter and height growth performance of Acer tutcheri were showed‘slow-fast-slow’ trend.In one hand,the peak of the basal diameter growth was from April to August.In the other hand,height growth peak was from March to May.The average basal diameter of 3a seedling of eleven families was 7.55 mm,while the average height was 43.80 cm.In low altitude area,low temperature and high humidity environment was favorable for seedling growth.The color of seedling’s leaf was obviously changed in spring and autumn.During the end of July and the end of August,the leaf was highly damaged by sunshine.(3)The leaf color value L* and b* had the same trend of different families。The leaf of seedling showed high brightness,shallow color,and yellow and green leaves.Color leaf performance had the same trend as value a*,the provenance of HSD and NKS showed significant red leaf at the end of February to the end of June.As for value a*,all the families were increased after the end of October,but the increase amplitude was not exactly the same.While the family of No.1,No.10,and No.11 had better color leaf performance than others in the first half year.And the family of No.4,No.7,No.8,and No.9 had significant color leaf performance at the end of October to the end of November,and those families’ seedlings had more significant red leaf features.Low temperature promoted the expression of leaf color of Acer tutcheri.The higher the elevation of provenanc e area,the lower annual temperature and the smaller the annual precipitation,the more obvious the landscape of leaf color season of seedlings.(4)The main reason affected the leaf color of Acer tutcheri was that the proportion of pigment was different.From September to December,chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b content and carotenoid content in leaves were decreased,the relative content of anthocyanin increasedgradually.The proportion of different pigment had correspondingly over time.That was the proportion of chlorophyll-a,chlorophyll-b and carotenoids decreased gradually,and the proportion of anthocyanin increased gradually.There was a regularity of the variable leaf time:NL(Shaoguan)> HSD > QNS.Ratio of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyll-b and carotenoids of Acer tutcheri leaves of two provenances of QNS and HSD were close to the lowest value in late October.The chlorophyll a / b and carotenoids in the leaves of the NL provenance were close to the lowest in early October,it was earlier than QNS and HSD provenances.The relative content of anthocyanin in HSD,NL,QNS began to increase in early October,late October and late November,respectively.