| Atmospheric and room temperature plasma is a plasma jet with high active particles generated under atmospheric pressure.As a new safe and efficient biological mutation breeding method,it has been successfully used in the breeding of microorganisms,but the application of plants is just starting.In this study,the ARTP irradiation of Achyranthes bidentate and Coreopsis tinctoria seed was used as experimental materials for the first time.ARTP mutagenesis techniques were used to explore the effect of different irradiation times on seed germination,seedling growth,field performance,yield,flower shape and active ingredients.In order to screen out the optimal conditions of ARTP irradiation,to obtain irradiate strains with high yield and quality or high ornamental value,and to provide references for further development and utilization of ARTP,a new plant mutation breeding technology.1.The effect of ARTP irradiation on Achyranthes bidentata seed.(1)Seed germination: ARTP treatment at a certain time(22.5,45,and 60 min)can increase the germination potential and germination rate of Achyranthes bidentata seed,but ARTP irradiation for a long time(90 min)reduces the germination efficiency of seed.The germination potential and germination rate of seed irradiated for 22.5 minutes reached the maximum,which were 83.3% and 90%,respectively.(2)Morphology: ARTP irradiation at a certain time(22.5,45,and 60 min)promoted the growth of Achyranthes bidentata.Compared with the control,plant height,maximum crown width,maximum leaf length,and maximum leaf width of irradiated strains all increased.(3)Physiology: The irradiated Achyranthes bidentata seed were sowed into field,and physiological indexes were measured at 8,9,and 10 months.Compared with the control,there was no significant difference in the content of chloroplast pigments,soluble sugar and soluble protein of irradiated strains.(4)Yield: Irradiation of ARTP can increase the yield of Achyranthes bidentata.All treated plants had greater dry weight than the control strain.Besides,the maximum root width,root length,root number,root fresh weight,and dry weight of the individual plants irradiated at 22.5 min and 45 min were the largest,and they were significantly different from the control.(5)Quality: ARTP irradiation of different times(22.5,45,60,and 90 min)all can significantly increase the content of β-ecdysterone,an effective medicinal component of Achyranthes bidentata.2.The effect of ARTP irradiation on the seed of Coreopsis tinctoria.(1)Seed germination: Compared with the control,the different ARTP irradiation time(7.5 ~ 37.5 min)improved the germination potential and germination rate of Coreopsis tinctoria seed,the maximal value of 80% and 86.7% at 22.5 min.(2)Seedling growth: ARTP irradiation at different times(7.5 to 37.5 min)increased the maximum crown width,the number of leaves,the length of petiole,and the area of leaf of seedlings to varying degrees,and the effect was best at 22.5 min.(3)Flower shape: Compared with the control,after 22.5 min of ARTP irradiation,the maximum flower diameter of most plants increased significantly,and the red-brown area of ligulate flowers increased obviously.the number of ligulate flowers petals of few plants increased,the petals of stamens petaloid and ligulate flowers became tubular flower.(4)Flower Quality:Some plants flavonoid,chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in flowers increased,especially in the flower-shaped plants,which not only changed the flower shape but also increased the active components.In conclusion,ARTP irradiation can promote seed germination,seedling growth,increase yield,improve quality and increase flower ornamental quality.ARTP mutagenesis is expected to become a new approach for plant induced breeding. |
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