Efficacy Test Of Different Agents On The Main Diseases Of Potato And Underground Pests

Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)is one of the most important food crops in China and even in the world,and there already two-thirds of the world’s population uses potato as its staple food.Although potatoes have been introduced into our country for only a few hundred years,the acreage and total consumption have steadily increased,it is estimated that over 50% of China’s potatoes will be consumed as staple foods by 2025.Heilongjiang province,where the potatoes as food and vegetable crops have become an indispensable food on the table and favorite of people is one of main planting areas for potatoes.It is cannot be ignored that the pest problem as the market demand and planting area increases.Potato diseases in Heilongjiang province are mainly caused by potato late blight,potato stem canker and black scurf and other diseases,and soil borne insect mainly include grub,wireworm and cutworm.In order to provide better chemical control methods and reduce farmers’ economic losses,this experiment selected nine chemical pesticides to control potato pests and diseases.The agent of control the potato late blight include 68.75% fluopicolide-propamocarb hydrochloride suspending agent,52.5% famoxadone-cymoxanil water dispersible granules and 72% cymoxanil-mancozeb wettable powder;The agent of control the potato stem canker and black scurf include 22% penflufen seed suspending agent,25% azoxystrobin suspending agent and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder;The agent of control the potato soil borne insect include 60% imidacloprid suspension seed coating,45% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate and 3% phoxim granules.The efficacy tests result we obtained as follows:1.No matter before or after onset,68.75% fluopicolide-propamocarb hydrochloride suspending agent,52.5% famoxadone-cymoxanil water dispersible granules and 72% cymoxanil-mancozeb wettable powder have anti effect of potato late blight.Before and after the onset of application,the average control effect of 68.75% fluopicolide-propamocarb hydrochloride suspending agent were 91.33% and 80.33%,significantly higher than the other two agents;Before the onset of application,72% cymoxanilmancozeb wettable powder and 52.5% famoxadone-cymoxanil water dispersible granules have no significant difference in control effect.After the onset of application,52.5% famoxadone-cymoxanil water dispersible granules control effect was significantly higher than 72% cymoxanil-mancozeb wettable powder.The 68.75% fluopicolide-propamocarb hydrochloride suspending as the main agent and the other two agents can be used cooperates with the main agents in production.2.Selection of three kinds of fungicide against potato stem canker and black scurf on potato seed or new stem have a certain control effect,22% penflufen seed suspending agent on seed and new stem average control effect is above 70%,greater than 25% azoxystrobin suspending agent and greater than 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder.Three kinds of pesticides on seedlings and new stems control effect are significant differences,the control effect of new stems were significantly higher than seed in 22% penflufen seed suspending agent,the other two drugs just the opposite.22% penflufen seed suspending agent seed dressing and furrow fertilization 25% azoxystrobin suspending agent can be used cooperate with it in production.3.Application of three kinds of insecticides on the grub,wireworm and cutworm have a certain control effect,60% imidacloprid suspension seed coating which the control effect more than 70% have the highest efficiency,45% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate anti-second and 3% phoxim granules control efficiency is the worst.Both 60% imidacloprid suspension seed coating and 45% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate are the highest efficacy of the grub,but 3% phoxim granules have the highest control effect on the cutworm.To increase the control effect,we can make the 60% imidacloprid suspension seed coating seed dressing with the use of 45% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate furrow fertilization in production.