Comparative Study On Biological Characteristics Of Plukenetia Volubilis L. Under Different Sites Condition

Plukenetia volubilis L.native to the andes in South America tropical rainforest,its seed yield higher than that of common edible oil crops,the oil of seeds is high,the quality of the oil is good,it is used widely,it is a new type of oil crop which is very valuable for development and utilization.In order to explore the suitable planting conditions of Plukenetia volubilis in hainan,we set up three experimental treatments in hainan:(1)Low light and high humidity treatment—Cultivation of Plukenetia volubilis in low light and high humidity site;(2)Strong light and high humidity treatment—Cultivation of Plukenetia volubilis in High humidity and strong Light Field;(3)High humidity treatment—In the strong light,low humidity of the site cultivation conditions to grow Plukenetia volubilis.We have five aspects:morphology,phenology,physiology,reproductive characteristics and microstructure to evaluate the different cultivation environments and models of Plukenetia volubilis in Hainan.The results show that:(1)In morphology,The color of shoots and new shoots of the Plukenetia volubilis was gradually reduced as the light weakened and the humidity became stronger.The root length of the plant gradually became shorter as the light intensity and humidity decreased,and the lateral root density gradually decreased as the humidity increased and the light decreased.The highest height was in low light and high humidity,and the number of leaf stomata was the highest in strong light and low humidity.The number of stamens,number of ovules,length of corolla,and height of stigma of plant flowers varied greatly under different cultivation conditions.(2)In terms of phenology,the monthly photosynthetic rate of Plukenetia volubilis increased gradually with the increase of light,the growth of new shoots and axons increased with light,and the final length and growth rate of male plants grew at the highest level in strong light and low temperature.The length and growth rate of the female flower did not differ,and the fruit picking period was longer in the high temperature and low humidity treatment.(3)In physiology,under the condition of high temperature and low humidity,Plukenetia volubilis was lower than the other two conditions except chlorophyll a,and the other indexes such as soluble sugar,proline,chlorophyll b,water content and transpiration rate were the highest.The change trend of the photosynthesis rate was the same under the three conditions,with the highest peak after 11 and 16 points,but the photosynthesis rate at different time periods was significantly different.(4)In reproductive characteristics,the yield per mu of Plukenetia volubilis was highest under high-temperature and low-humidity conditions,and there was a significant difference in yield per acre under low light and high humidity conditions.In terms of seed-setting rate,the number of single plants of South American Plukenetia volubilis was the highest(138.57±31.42)under high temperature and low humidity conditions.Obvious differences from other conditions;Seed fullness rate,seeds are fuller under high temperature conditions,and there is significant difference with low temperature;Seed germination rate of the three processing conditions are roughly the same.(5)In microstructure,the xylem and phloem of the main root of Plukenetia volubilis were thick under low light and high humidity conditions,and the periderm and the length of the catheter were smaller under strong light and low humidity conditions.There was no difference in the diameter of the catheter,the diameter of the sieve tube,and the length of the sieve tube;The phloem and sieve pore size were larger under low light and high humidity conditions,and the length of the catheter and the length of the sieve tube were significantly different under the three conditions.And in the low light and high humidity conditions,there was no difference in the xylem,peridermbrane,and the diameter of the catheter;the diameter of the main leaf vein was the highest under low light and high humidity conditions,and the diameter of the catheter,the thickness of the epidermis,the thickness of the epidermis,and the spongy tissue.Thickness is minimal at high light and high temperatures,with no significant differences in catheter length and palisade tissue thickness.In morphology,phenology,physiology,reproductive characteristics and microscopic structure into consideration,this paper determined that the Plukenetia volubilis have the best efficiency under the condition of strong light and low humidity,this cultivation condition has the greatest effect on the effect of its oil.