| Barley is an important food crop,feed crop and light industry raw material crop in China.It is widely used in agriculture,aquaculture,beer brewing,medical care and other fields.The rise of plant metabolomics technology has brought new opportunities for the development of barley production and application.The research of barley metabolomics is much valuable for analyzing the basis of metabolism and perfecting the metabolic network of crops.In this study,Huaai 11 and Huadamai No.6 were used as materials for the identification and analysis of metabolites.Totally,182 metabolites(including 80 flavonoids,19 amino acids,17 phenolamines,14 nucleic acid derivatives and 12 fatty acids,etc.)were identified through extensively targeted metabolomics methods based on LC-MS/MS,combined with self-built database and open database in the seeds of grain filling.The main results were as follows:The PCA analysis of the metabolic profiles of Huaai 11 and Huamai No.6 at different grain filling stages showed that different filling stages and different cultivars were clearly separated by PC1 and PC2.The results of ASCA analysis showed that there were 9 kinds of metabolites significantly affected by the grain filling periods,and 7 kinds of metabolites significantly affected by the varieties,and 10 kinds of substances significantly affected by the interaction of 2 factors(P < 0.05).These substances were mainly flavonoids and phenolamines.Comparative analysis of the metabolites in seven different stages during the grain filling process of Huaai 11 and Huadamai No.6,11,10,7,25,33,29 and 33 species were screened out with significantly difference(VIP > 1 & P < 0.01),among which,there were 11,7,5,16,22,20 and 23 species with higher relative content in Huaai 11 than that in Huamai No.6,and 0,3,2,9,11,9 and 10 species with higher relative content in Huadamai No.6 than that in Huaai 11,respectively.The main differential metabolites were flavonoids,phenolamines and amino acids.The differences of metabolites in different filling stages of Huaai 11 were analyzed.The results were as follows: There were 2,6,4,10,4 and 4 species significantly up-regulated and 6,10,1,10,27 and 2 species significantly down-regulated,respectively by comparison of 14 d and 7 d,21 d and 14 d,28 d and 21 d,35 d and 28 d,42 d and 35 d,49 d and 42 d of grain filling stages.Same analysis of metabolites were performed in Huadamai No.6,there were 2,8,2,3,4 and 2 species significantly up-regulated and 5,6,4,15,6 and 2 species significant down-regulated,respectively(|log2(FoldChange)| > 1 & P < 0.05).These significantly up-regulated or down-regulated metabolites were mainly flavonoids,amino acids and phenolamines.Accumulation patterns of flavonoids,amino acids,and phenolamines that differed greatly between the two varieties were analyzed.The results showed that the accumulation patterns of these substances existed a certain variety-specificity and time-specificity way.The accumulation patterns of flavonoids in the filling stages of the two cultivars differed greatly.Among them,the flavonoids of 3 kinds of oxyflavone modified by six-carbon sugars and two tricin derivatives could be used as biomarkers in the two varieties;the accumulation pattern of most amino acids during the grain filling stage of two varieties were similar,they all gradually decreased from the early to the late stage of grain filling.The content of spermine of different modified types in the two varieties was higher in Huadamai No.6 than that in Huaai 11,while most of the gibberamine and putrescine showed higher in Huaai 11 than that in Huadamai No.6.Different modified types of spermidine showed a similar accumulation pattern in Huadamai No.6,which increased significantly from the 21 d of grain filling. |
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