Physiological Biochemical Indexes And Expression Differences Of Longissimus Muscle In Swamp Buffalo And Native Cattle

The meat quality and muscle strength are quantitative traits.Studying a single gene has little effect on meat quality and muscle strength.Therefore,this study selects the longissimus dorsi muscles of swamp buffaloes and Guangxi native cattle under the same feeding and management as the research object,and analyses the differences in physiological biochemical indexes and expression genes of long muscles.The histological staining and analytical chemistry methods were used to directly compare the differences in pH,water content,shear force,intramuscular fat content,ash content,and myofiber structure;while the transcriptome sequencing technique was used to identify the difference expression genes in swamp buffalo and Guangxi native cattle.The molecular mechanism of the physiological and biochemical differences in the longissimus muscle of swamp buffalo and Guangxi native cattle from the perspective of transcriptomics.This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of the using value of swamp buffalo and the breeding of the improved breed cattle.This study mainly consists of two parts:1.The differences of physiological,biochemical and amino acid composition in longissimus dorsi muscle between swamp buffalo and Guangxi native cattle were measured by direct measurement and chromatographic methods.The result show that there was significant difference in shear force,and the amino acid composition was similar,there was no significant difference.The results of HE staining of muscle tissue showed that the area,diameter,perimeter and density of swamp buffalo muscle fibers were smaller than Guangxi native cattle,and the differences were extremely significant(P?0.05).Using qRT-PCR to detect Collagen Type ? Alpha 1 Chain(COL1A1),Chlorine Voltage-gated Channel Protein(CLCN4),Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 5(SCD5)and Secreted Phosphoprotein 2(SPP2)Genes expressions of the longissimus dorsi muscle in Guangxi Native cattle and swamp buffalo respectively.There were 0.15,17.92,0.99,and 0.15 times of the swamp buffalo than Guangxi Native cattle respectively.2 Gene expression profiling of longissimus dorsi muscle in swamp buffalo and Guangxi native cattle was detected by second-generation sequencing.12,819 differentially expressed genes in the two groups(FC ? 2,P? 0.05).A total of 5,508 genes were highly expressed in the swamp buffalo,and 7,311 genes were lowly expressed.A total of 12,819 differentially expressed genes were analyzed for GO enrichment.The 10,261 genes were annotated and were enriched in 6,522 categories.Cluster analysis was performed based on the relevance of the Category function.A total of 59 Clusters were obtained,including 2 Clusters and fats and fatty acids.Metabolism,absorption,and transformation of biological processes are related;The 4 Clusters are related to muscle composition,growth,differentiation,and regulation.A total of 12,296 genes were analyzed for KEGG enrichment,and 291 signaling pathways were enriched.In this study,high-throughput sequencing was used to sequence the transcriptomes of the longissimus muscle in swamp buffaloes and Guangxi local cattle.The genes and new genes were screened out related to muscle quality,It is providing the basis for further research on buffalo and cattle meat quality.At the same time,it also provides valuable data for the modern biotechnology to breed high quality beef.In addition,it also provides experimental basis for the breeding of cattle breeding grounds.