Effects Of Intercropping And Different Cover On Winter Potato And Ratoon Sugarcane

With sugarcane variety "Liucheng 05/136"and potato variety "Feiwuruita" as test materials,the spacing of sugarcane was 1.3m,and the potato was planted in row spacing after the sugarcane harvesting in this study.Three cover methods of soil(T1),sugarcane leaf(T2)and black film(T3),and two controls[monoculture of potato(CK1)and ratoon(CK2)]were conducted to compare the effects of intercropping and different cover on growth and yield of potato and ratoon cane.The main results are as follows:(1)Effects of intercropping and different coverage on the growth and development of winter potato:The results showed that the speed of emergence and the final rate of seedlings were no significant difference between the monoculture and the intercropping.The effects of different cover treatments on the speed of emergence were different.The emergence of potato covered with soil was earlier than that of covered with sugarcane leaves and black film,while the final rate of seedlings were no significant difference among the different cover treatments;The plant height of intercropping treatments was lower than that of potato monocropping,but sugarcane leaf cover and black-film cover were higher than soil cover in intercropping and potato monoculture on plant height,total dry matter accumulation and tuber dry matter accumulation.(2)Effects of intercropping and different coverage on the physiological and biochemical characters of winter potatoes:Intercropping and different coverage had different effects on potato root activity,leaf SPAD,leaf nitrate reductase activity,leaf N?P and K contents.Root activity,the K content and SPAD of leaves of intercropping treatments were all higher than those of monoculture at the early growth stage,and the nitrate reductase activity was higher than that of monoculture in the later growth stage.Compared with different coverage treatments,the physiological indices of sugarcane leaf coverage and the black film covering were higher than those of soil coverage.(3)Effects of intercropping and different coverage on the yield and quality traits of winter potatoes:in the potato yield traits,intercropping significantly reduced the seedling numbers per ha,tuber numbers per plant,tuber weight per plant,the ratio of commercial tuber and the yield of the potato.Mulching plastic film and cane leaf could significantly improve the yield characters of potato,and obtained a significant increase effect,in which,the effect of black plastic film mulching was better than cane leaf cover.In terms of quality traits,intercropping had no significant effect on potato quality traits,but sugarcane leaf cover and black-film coverage increased potato starch content and reduced reducing sugar content,thereby improving potato quality.(4)Effects of intercropping and different coverage on ecological effects:The soil water content and temperature of intercropped potato was higher than that of monoculture potato.Plastic film mulching significantly increased the temperature and water content of different soil layers under low temperature in winter,and the effects of sugarcane leaf mulching on soil temperature and water content were not as good as those of plastic film mulching,and the warming effect of leaf mulching was not as good as the effect of water conservation;Compared with potato monocropping,intercropping and the cover treatments reduced the amount of weeds in the field,but sugarcane leaf cover treatment and black-film treatment were better than the treatment of soil cover,which the sugarcane leaf cover treatment was the best.(5)Effects of intercropping and different covering potatoes on ratoon sugarcane growth:The number of emergence seedlings in the beginning of emergence was higher than that of sugarcane but the intercropping of monocropping was more than intercropping.The number of seedlings covered by sugarcane leaves was the lowest;the effect on the SPAD value of sugarcane leaves cover was not significant;In terms of yield traits,only the number of effective stems and yield of the black-film covering treatment was higher than that of the sugarcane monoculture,but the coverage of the sugarcane leaves had an effect on promoting the stem weight and stem diameter;For quality traits,the cane and sucrose content of intercropping and covering cultivation were higher than those of sugarcane monoculture,and the coverage of sugarcane leaves was the best;In terms of economic benefits,the economic benefits of potato as an intercropping sugarcane are higher than those of sugarcane monoculture,of which the black film covers the highest profits.