| In order to reduce the cost of feed and make full use of unconventional raw materials such as processing byproducts,three experiments were conducted in this study.By comparing the effects of different structure diets on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and meat quality,explore the application prospects of low quality raw materials in feed making industry.Expl:Effects of complex structure diets on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and serum physiochemical parameters in growing pigsA total of 60 healthy DLY growing pigs with an initial average body weight of(41.06±1.19)kg were allocated to 3 treatments by using randomized complete block design,treatment 1 and 2 have 12 replicates while treatment 3 has 6 replicates,and each replicate has 2 pigs,pigs in each group were respectively fed simple structure diet(treatment1,JD1),complex structure diets without soybean oil(treatment2,FZ1)and complex structure diets with soybean oil(treatment3,FZO1).The whole trial lasted for 42 days.On days 32-35 of the trial,digestion experiment was carried out with endogenous indicator of AIA.On day 43,one pig chosen from each replicate was blood,and all pigs were weighed.The results were as follows:(1)Compared to JD1,the ADG of pigs in FZOl group were significantly increased while the average daily energy intake/ADG in FZ1 group weresignificantly decreased(P<0.05),FZ1 group and FZO1 group improved the ADFI by 7.76%and 9.39%respectively.Moreover,The average daliy energy intake was raised by 9.54%and 9.00%respectively in JD1 group and FZOlgroup compared with FZ1 group(P>0.05).The other index about growing performance was not significantly changed by different diets(P>0.05).(2)The serum glutamate pyruate transaminase activity in serum of FZ1 and FZO1 groups was significantly higher than that of JD1(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in blood glucose,triglyceride,serum urea nitrogen,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase(P>0.05)(3)The digestibility of dietary calcium,phosphorus,energy,crude protein and crude ash in JD1 group were significantly higher than those in FZ1 and FZO1(P<0.05),but the dietary crude fat digestibility of FZO1 was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).(4)Compared with JD1 group,the feed cost in FZ1 group and FZO1 group was droped by￥22.4 and ￥18 respectively.Exp2 Effect of complex structre diets on growth performance、nutrient digestibility and meat quality in finishing pigsAfter the end of the first trial,10 healthy DLY pigs(78.35±2.86)kgwere chose from JD1 and FZ1 group respectively,and were randomly divided into five replicates with each replicate had 2 pigs.Pigs in each group had simple diets(treatmentl,JD2),and complex structure diets without soybean oil(treatment 2,FZ2)in finishing stage.The experiment was terminated when the pig’s weight reached about 120 kg.Duringthe first four days of the slaughter,digestion experiment was carried out with endogenous indicator AIA.The pigs will be weighed before slaughter.The results were as follows:(1)There was no significant effect of different diets on the growth performance of finishing pigs(P>0.05),(2)The carcass length of FZ2 group was significantly higher than that of JD2 group(P<0.05),But there was no significant effects on the pork quality and muscle fiber type in longissimus dorsi(P>0.05),(3)The digestibility of dietary energy,crude protein and crude fiber of JD2 group was significantly higher than that of FZ2 group(P<0.05),but there was no significant changes in dietary calcium,phosphorus,and crude fat digestibility between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)The diets had no significant effect on the pH value of intestinal chyme in finishing pigs(P>0.05).(5)Multi-nutrient diets significantly increased the number of Bacillus in colon and reduced the number of E.coli in cecum(P<0.05),and had no significant effect in other gut microbiota in colon and cecum(P>0.05).(6)With complex sturcture diet,a pig from 80kg to 120kg can reduce the feed expense by Y 14.8 compared with simple diet group.Exp3:The effects of complex structure diets on growth performance andserum physiochemical parameters in growing-finishing pigs in large-scale swine farmThis experiment was conducted to verify the effects of complex structurediets in growing-finishing pigsin large-scale swine farm.A total of 336 castrated Yorkshire and Landrace hybrid boar were randomly allotted allocated to 2 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 28 pigs per pen.The whole trial was last for 60 days.on day 36 and 61,all pigs were weighed and each replicate chose 2 pigs to blood.The results were as follows:In the large-scale farm,complex structurediets had no significant effects on average feed intake,average daily gain and feed-meat ratio compared with complex structure diets(P>0.05),while the feed cost can be reduced by ￥12.3 in each pig feeding multi-nutrient from 55kg to 100kg.Conclusions:It can be seen that increasing the diversity of dietary nutrient source structure has no negative effects on pig health,growth performance and meat quality,while improving the utilization of by-products and reducing the cost of feed,has a good application value.Although the nutrient digestibility was reduced,the growth performance was the same with the control group,which indicated that the nutrient balance in the metabolic level was better,and the accuracy of the balance of "nutrient structure" was verified,which was of some academic significance. |
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