The Microorganisms And Features In Fermentation And Degradation Of Solid Organic Matter

The extensive use of antibiotics in poultry industry leads to high levels of antibiotics residue in chicken manure.The activity of microorganisms in chicken manure composting fermentation was affected by the antibiotics residue.In the composting researches,many studies were just focused on screening microorganisms,shortening the composting cycle,and increasing the degradation rate of organic matter.However,seldom studies of antimicrobials against antibiotics were reported.In this thesis,microorganisms with high activity of degrading organic matter were screened from antibiotic-containing chicken manure to enhance compost fermentation.The efficiency of composting and the degradation of organic matter could be improved.First,a strain with high efficiency of degrading organic matter was screened from antibiotic chicken manure.Chicken manure acted as raw material mixed with some maize straw to make fermentation composting.The composting maturity was achieved through the growth and metabolism of microorganisms on the degradation of organic matter.The selected strains were then put into composting to investigate.Strain A7 was considered as a control for it could not grow at the presence of antibiotics.The efficiency of the fine strains was determined under different conditions of temperature,water content,and soybean seed germination rate.Finally,the optimum conditions for the composting and fermentation of the bacteria strain were determined by controlling the different parameters for the aerobic composting and soybean growth applied with fermented chicken manure composting.The results showed that the strain A8 was an aerobic bacterium with a high activity to degrade protein and starch.The colony was round white opaque,flat and oily,and the edge was irregular.Through the Gram stain and spore stain microscopic observation,the bacteria were rod-shaped and spores.Therefore the initial determination of the bacteria was of Bacillus.With strain A8,the temperature peak 50?—80? of the compost was advanced for 2 days,and the temperature peak was prolonged for 5 days than that of the applied strain A7.The maximum temperature was 60.3?,6? higher than the control.The germination rate of soybean reaching to 80%was on day 23,which was 3 days earlier than that of strain A7.The organic matter degradation rate by the strain A8 reached to 48,9%,5.8 percentage points higher than that of the control as inoculation rate,the moisture content,times of tuning fermentation compost,and the initial pH were 15%,50%,2,and 8 respectively.Soybean germination was found on day 4.3,1.4d earlier than the control after planted with a 1:3.3 mass ratio of the fermented chicken manure compost to soil.The height of soybean plant on day 30 reached to 13.6cm,1.4cm higher than the control.In summary,the selected strain A8 was of the genus Bacillus,which not only could effectively improve the composting temperature,reduce the composting cycle,but also could increase the degradation rate of organic matter in compost,and promote the effect of decomposition of organic matter.The application of fermented chicken manure could promote the germination and growth of soybean.