| Wetlands are a transition zone between terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystems that are distributed throughout the world.Wetland is a valuable natural resource,it has a comprehensive and unique ecological functions,plays an important role in the ecological balance,and extremely sensitive to the environment.Based on the study of soil fauna in the Nanniwan wetland has not been reported,In this paper,the community structure and seasonal dynamics of soil fauna in Nanniwan wetland were studied for the first time,Based on the study of different species types,different soil layers,soil fauna communities and different functional groups in the Nanniwan wetland,the diversity of soil fauna community in Nanniwan wetland and its internal relationship with the environment were analyzed and discussed,Which reveals the ecological distribution of soil fauna in wetland,which can provide scientific basis for the restoration of Nanniwan wetland,so it is of great scientific significance.The soil fauna and rhizosphere soils of Nanniwan wetland were used as the research object.The method of field investigation and sampling,fixed-point dynamic observation and indoor experiment test was adopted.In March,June,September and December2015,Wetland,mild degraded wetland,moderate degraded wetland,heavily degraded wetland,cultivated land(farmland),returning farmland to wetland(restoration).Six comprehensive wetland systems were surveyed and the results were analyzed synthetically :The structure and composition of soil fauna community in Nanniwan wetland were studied,and the blank of soil fauna in Nanniwan wetland was filled.A total of3285 species of soil fauna were surveyed in 6 wetland types of Nanniwan,belongingto 4 orders,10 orders and 25 orders.The number of small and medium soil animals was large,which was an important component of Nanniwan wetland.The dominant species,Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,and Spider are the most common taxa.Acariformes,Scutigeromorpha,Diptera larvae and other 13 categories of the most scarce.The depth of the soil layer is different,the number of soil animals,the total number of individuals,Shannon-Winner diversity,Pielou evenness and Richness richness are also different,Vertical division of soil fauna diversity in Nanniwan wetland show that the heterogeneity of the vertical structure is obvious,and the number of individuals,the total number of individuals and the biodiversity index are the largest in the general soil.The results showed that the number of soil fauna and the number of individuals showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth,and the comparison of vertical gradients between different plots also showed the trend of decreasing the number of soil animals and the number of individuals.In spring and winter,There is a rebound situation.The number of individuals in different plots is sorted as follows: plots 3> plots6> plots 2> plots 4> plots 1> plots 5,indicating that wetland damage has a greater impact on soil fauna and populations,The lower the degree of damage,the higher the biodiversity.The composition,quantity and diversity of soil fauna in different seasons were different.At the same time,the habitat of soil animals changed with the seasons,and the seasonal distribution was seasonal distribution.The number of groups was sorted by winter> summer> spring> The reason is the harsh winter environment,many soil animals in the soil in the winter,the number of individual sorting for the fall>summer> spring> winter.The soil fauna of Nanniwan wetland was divided into phytophage,predators,saprozoic,debris-feeder’s,omnivores,fungivorous forms.To explore its indication of wetland ecological restoration,to provide a scientific basis for wetland restoration.The results show that the higher the soil animal feed,the higher the biodiversity index.The α diversity showed that the heterogeneity of soil fauna composition was low and the β similarity coefficient was large in the Nanniwan wetland,indicating that there was no significant difference in soil fauna composition. |
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